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| Current Bibliographies in Medicine | |
Current Bibliographies in Medicine 93-6
Helicobacter Pylori in Peptic Ulcer Disease
CBM 93-6 Helicobacter Pylori in Peptic Ulcer Disease January 1988 through November 1993 1191 Citations Prepared by Marian E. Beratan, M.L.S., National Library of Medicine Frank A. Hamilton, M.D., National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service National Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine Reference Section 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20894 1993 SERIES NOTE Current Bibliographies in Medicine (CBM) is a continuation in part of the National Library of Medicine's Literature Search Series, which ceased in 1987 with No. 87-15. In 1989 it also subsumed the Specialized Bibliography Series. Each bibliography in the new series covers a distinct subject area of biomedicine and is intended to fulfill a current awareness function. Citations are usually derived from searching a variety of online databases. NLM databases utilized include MEDLINE, AVLINE, BIOETHICSLINE, CANCERLIT, CATLINE, HEALTH, POPLINE, and TOXLINE. The only criterion for the inclusion of a particular published work is its relevance to the topic being presented; the format, ownership, or location of the material is not considered. Comments and suggestions on this series may be addressed to: Karen Patrias, Editor Current Bibliographies in Medicine Reference Section National Library of Medicine Bethesda, MD 20894 Phone: 301-496-6097 Fax: 301-402-1384 Internet: patrias@nlm.nih.gov Ordering Information: Current Bibliographies in Medicine is sold by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. To order the entire CBM series for calendar year 1993 (approximately 7 bibliographies), send $24.00 ($30.00 foreign) to the Superintendent of Documents citing GPO List ID: CBM93. For your convenience an order blank is given inside the back cover. Orders for individual bibliographies in the series ($3.50, $4.38 foreign) should be sent to the Superintendent of Documents citing the title, CBM number, and the GPO List ID given above. Internet Access: The Current Bibliographies in Medicine series is also available at no cost to anyone with Internet access through FTP (File Transfer Protocol). FTP to nlmpubs.nlm.nih.gov and login: as nlmpubs. The index file in the "bibs" directory provides information on the bibliographies available. Use of funds for printing this periodical has been approved by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget through September 30, 1994. HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE Peptic ulcer disease has been considered to be a chronic gastrointestinal illness with low mortality but with frequent clinical flareups. In the United States population alone, the lifetime prevalence of peptic ulcer disease is about one in ten. This statistic underscores the high economic cost (i.e., cost of diagnosing, cost of medicines, and loss of time from work) as well as the human cost of peptic ulcer disease. Researchers have had a long standing interest in understanding the cause of peptic ulcer disease. Up until recently, the development of peptic ulcer disease was thought to be caused only by an imbalance between aggressive factors (acid secretion and pepsin secretion), and defensive factors (mucus, bicarbonate secretion, mucosal blood flow, gastric mucosal barrier, and cellular regeneration). The recent isolation of Helicobacter pylori from patients with chronic gastritis and duodenal and gastric ulcers has thus revolutionized our thinking about the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease. Current data suggest that persistent infection with Helicobacter pylori may account for the high recurrence rates and the chronicity of peptic ulcer disease. Thus, because of the presence of this organism in ulcers, conventional treatment of peptic ulcer disease has to be altered. At the present time, there is no generally accepted, safe and effective therapy for H. pylori infections. Several clinical trials, using a single antibiotic or even two antibiotics, have found these therapies to be ineffective in eradicating the infection. Worldwide, several large clinical studies are under way to evaluate the best treatment for H. pylori infection. Of great clinical importance are the recently published epidemiologic data which show a link of H. pylori infection to gastric cancer. In several population studies, there is a significantly higher rate of H. pylori infection among those who had gastric cancer. These findings would strongly strengthen the position that the treatment of H. pylori positive disease should be undertaken and may be chemopreventive for the prevention of gastric malignancy. This bibliography was prepared in support of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference titled Helicobacter Pylori convened in Bethesda, Maryland on February 7-8, 1994. It consists primarily of citations to English, German, and Japanese language journal articles published from 1988 to the present; a few earlier articles of special interest and articles in other languages were also selected. The 1191 citations were selected from a search of the journal literature. Editorials and letters have been included. The bibliography is arranged in fifteen subject categories. A citation may appear in more than one category. SEARCH STRATEGY A variety of online databases are usually searched in preparing bibliographies in the CBM series. To assist you in updating or otherwise manipulating the material in this search, the strategy used for the NLM's MEDLINE database is given below. Please note that the search strategies presented here differ from individual demand searches in that they are generally broadly formulated and irrelevant citations edited out prior to printing. SS 1 = ALL CAMPYLOBACTER OR ALL HELICOBACTER SS 2 = STOMACH ULCER OR ULCER, DUODENAL OR ULCER, PEPTIC SS 3 = (TW) ARBAPROSTIL OR BURIMAMIDE OR CARBENOXOLONE OR DIMETHYLPROSTAGLANDIN OR ENPROSTIL OR FAMOTIDINE OR GEFARNATE OR METIAMIDE OR MISOPROSTIL OR NIZATIDINE OR PROGLUMIDE OR RIOPROSTIL OR ZOLIMIDINE SS 4 = 3 OR EXP ANTI-ULCER AGENTS SS 5 = ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS (PX) OR DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION SS 6 = 5 AND ALL ULCER: SS 7 = EXP DIGESTIVE SYSTEM NEOPLASMS SS 8 = 1 AND 2 OR 1 AND 4 OR 1 AND 6 OR 1 AND 7 GRATEFUL MED To make online searching easier and more efficient, the Library offers GRATEFUL MED, microcomputer-based software that provides a user-friendly interface to most NLM databases. This software was specifically developed for health professionals and features multiple choice menus and "fill in the blank" screens for easy search preparation. GRATEFUL MED runs on an IBM PC (or IBM-compatible) with DOS 2.0 or a Macintosh, and requires a Hayes (or Hayes-compatible) modem. It may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service in Springfield, Virginia, for $29.95 (plus $3.00 per order for shipping). For your convenience, an order blank has been enclosed at the back of this bibliography. SAMPLE CITATION Citations in this bibliographic series are formatted according to the rules established for Index Medicus*. A sample journal citation appears below. For journal articles written in a foreign language, the English translation of the title is placed in brackets. The language of publication is shown by a three letter abbreviation appearing at the end of the citation. Note also that a colon (:) may appear within an author's name or article title. The NLM computer system automatically inserts this symbol in the place of a diacritical mark. Journal Article: Author Article Title Marshall BJ. Virulence and pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori.J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1991 Mar-Apr;6(2):121-4. Abbreviated Journal Date Volume Issue Pages Title _________________________________ *For details of the formats used for references, see the following publication: Patrias, Karen. National Library of Medicine recommended formats for bibliographic citation. Bethesda (MD): The Library; 1991 Apr. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-182030. TABLE OF CONTENTS Historic Perspective Clinical Trials Diagnosis Diagnostic Tests Drug Therapy Epidemiology Etiology Immunology Isolation Microbiology Neoplasms Pathology Pathophysiology Therapy Miscellaneous HISTORIC PERSPECTIVE Marshall BJ. The Campylobacter pylori story. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1988;146:58-66. Robey-Cafferty SS, Ro JY, Cleary KR. The prevalence of Campylobacter pylori in gastric biopsies from cancer patients. Mod Pathol 1989 Sep;2(5):473-6. CLINICAL TRIALS Gad A, Dobrilla G. Campylobacter pylori and non-ulcer dyspepsia. 1. The final results of a double-blind multicentre trial for treatment with pirenzepine in Italy. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1989;167:39-43. Gill HH, Desai HG, Mehta PR, Ranganathan S, Kalro RH, Murti PK, Prabhu SR. Mono and dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis. J Assoc Physicians India 1991 Oct;39(10):743-5. Goodwin CS, Marshall BJ, Blincow ED, Wilson DH, Blackbourn S, Phillips M. Prevention of nitroimidazole resistance in Campylobacter pylori by coadministration of colloidal bismuth subcitrate: clinical and in vitro studies. J Clin Pathol 1988 Feb;41(2):207-10. Hosking SW, Ling TK, Yung MY, Cheng A, Chung SC, Leung JW, Li AK. Randomised controlled trial of short term treatment to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer. BMJ 1992 Aug 29;305(6852):502-4. Comment in: BMJ 1992 Oct 31;305(6861):1094-5. Hui WM, Lam SK, Ho J, Ng I, Lau WY, Branicki FJ, Lai CL, Lok AS, Ng MM, Fok J, et al. Effect of sucralfate and cimetidine on duodenal ulcer-associated antral gastritis and Campylobacter pylori. Am J Med 1989 Jun 9;86(6A):60-5. Loffeld RJ, Potters HV, Stobberingh E, Flendrig JA, van Spreeuwel JP, Arends JW. Campylobacter associated gastritis in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia: a double blind placebo controlled trial with colloidal bismuth subcitrate. Gut 1989 Sep;30(9):1206-12. Comment in: Gut 1990 Apr;31(4):481-2. DIAGNOSIS Abb J, Striegel K, Fruhmorgen P. [Detection of antibodies to Helicobacter pylori with the immunoenzyme test and indirect immunofluorescence]. Leber Magen Darm 1990 Sep;20(5):224-30. (Ger). Allmendinger G, Munch E, Guffarth G, Jetter E, Thomas F, Schmid E. [The urease rapid test (CLO test). Attempt at statistical analysis for the evaluation of Campylobacter colonization in the gastric antrum]. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 1990 Mar 27;79(13):389-90. (Ger). Andreica V, Dumitrascu D, Sasca N, Toganel E, Suciu A, Draghici A, Pascu O, Sasca C, Suciu M, Andreica M, et al. Helicobacter-like organisms in gastroduodenal diseases. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1990;14(5):437-41. Asaka M, Kimura T, Kudo M, Takeda H, Mitani S, Miyazaki T, Miki K, Graham DY. Relationship of Helicobacter pylori to serum pepsinogens in an asymptomatic Japanese population. Gastroenterology 1992 Mar;102(3):760-6. Ayyagari A, Ray P, Kochhar R, Bhasin D, Siddeshi ER, Singh K, Malik AK, Mehta SK. Evaluation of different methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric disease. Indian J Med Res 1990 Mar;91:126-8. Bateson MC. Cigarette smoking and Helicobacter pylori infection. Postgrad Med J 1993 Jan;69(807):41-4. Berstad K, Wilhelmsen I, Berstad A. Biometric evaluation of gastric urease activity in man. Scand J Gastroenterol 1992 Nov;27(11):977-83. Bolton FJ, Hutchinson DN. Evaluation of three Campylobacter pylori antigen preparations for screening sera from patients undergoing endoscopy. J Clin Pathol 1989 Jul;42(7):723-6. Bornschein W, Bauernfeind A, Heilmann KL. [A rapid urease test in Campylobacter pylori colonization of the gastric mucosa]. Gastroenterol J 1989;49(2):54-8. (Ger). Borody TJ, Brandl S, Andrews P, Jankiewicz E, Ostapowicz N. Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric ulcer. Am J Gastroenterol 1992 Oct;87(10):1403-6. Borsch G, Adamek R, Sandmann M, Wegener M, Schmidt G, Leverkus F, Reitemeyer E. Comparison of biopsy urease test and histologic examination for detection of Campylobacter pylori in duodenal, antral and fundic biopsies. Hepatogastroenterology 1987 Oct;34(5):236-41. Borsch G, Mai U, Reitemeyer E, Leverkus F, Opferkuch W. [Campylobacter pylori: clinical correlations and prospective comparative studies of various diagnostic techniques]. Immun Infekt 1989 Jun;17(3):83-90. (Ger). Borsch G, Schmidt G, Wegener M, Sandmann M, Adamek R, Leverkus F, Reitemeyer E. Campylobacter pylori: prospective analysis of clinical and histological factors associated with colonization of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Eur J Clin Invest 1988 Apr;18(2):133-8. Caselli M, Trevisani L, Pazzi P, Stabellini G, Lucio T. Suggestions for the rapid diagnosis of Campylobacter pylori infection in endoscopic settings [letter]. Endoscopy 1989 Mar;21(2):110-1. Chaloupka JC, Gay BB Jr, Caplan D. Campylobacter gastritis simulating Menetrier's disease by upper gastrointestinal radiography. Pediatr Radiol 1990;20(3):200-1. Ching CK, Thompson S, Buxton C, Holgate C, Holmes GK. Evaluation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for serological diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in a group of non-ulcer dyspepsia sufferers. Postgrad Med J 1993;69(812):456-60. Chodos JE, Dworkin BM, Smith F, Van Horn K, Weiss L, Rosenthal WS. Campylobacter pylori and gastroduodenal disease: a prospective endoscopic study and comparison of diagnostic tests. Am J Gastroenterol 1988 Nov;83(11):1226-30. Conti-Nibali S, Baldari S, Vitulo F, Sferlazzas C, Russo E, Tedeschi A, Bonanno N, Magazzu G. The 14CO2 urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori infection [letter]. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1990 Aug;11(2):284-5. Covacci A, Censini S, Bugnoli M, Petracca R, Burroni D, Macchia G, Massone A, Papini E, Xiang Z, Figura N, et al. Molecular characterization of the 128-kDa immunodominant antigen of Helicobacter pylori associated with cytotoxicity and duodenal ulcer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993 Jun 15;90(12):5791-5. Czinn SJ, Carr HS, Speck WT. Diagnosis of gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori in children by means of an ELISA. Rev Infect Dis 1991 Jul-Aug;13 Suppl 8:S700-3. Debongnie JC, Beyaert C, Legros G. Touch cytology, a useful diagnostic method for diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tract infections. Dig Dis Sci 1989 Jul;34(7):1025-7. Debongnie JC, Delmee M, Mainguet P, Beyaert C, Haot J, Legros G. Cytology: a simple, rapid, sensitive method in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori. Am J Gastroenterol 1992 Jan;87(1):20-3. Debongnie JC, Donnay M. The role of endoscopy in the diagnosis of infections of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Acta Endosc 1991;21(1):11-7. Debongnie JC, Pauwels S, Raat A, de Meeus Y, Haot J, Mainguet P. Quantification of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastritis and ulcer disease using a simple and rapid carbon-14-urea breath test. J Nucl Med 1991 Jun;32(6):1192-8. Delvaux M, Escourrou J. Endoscopy in peptic ulcer disease: diagnosis, prognosis and management. Endoscopy 1992 Jan-Feb;24(1-2):41-4. Dye KR, Marshall BJ, McCallum RW. Gastritis, ulcers, and Helicobacter pylori. Physician Assist 1991 May;15(5):95-101. el Nujumi AM, Dorrian CA, Chittajallu RS, Neithercut WD, McColl KE. Effect of inhibition of Helicobacter pylori urease activity by acetohydroxamic acid on serum gastrin in duodenal ulcer subjects. Gut 1991 Aug;32(8):866-70. Elta GH, Murphy R, Behler EM, Barnett JL, Nostrant TT, Kern S, Appelman H. Campylobacter pylori in patients with dyspeptic symptoms and endoscopic evidence of erosion(s). Am J Gastroenterol 1989 Jun;84(6):643-6. Engstrand L, Nguyen AM, Graham DY, el-Zaatari FA. Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction amplification of rRNA for detection of Helicobacter species. J Clin Microbiol 1992 Sep;30(9):2295-301. Evans DJ Jr, Evans DG, Smith KE, Graham DY. Serum antibody responses to the N- acetylneuraminyllactose binding hemagglutinin of Campylobacter pylori. Infect Immun 1989 Mar;57(3):664-7. Faulde M, Putzker M, Mertes T, Sobe D. Evaluation of an immunofluorescence assay for specific detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies directed against Helicobacter pylori, and antigenic cross reactivity between H. pylori and Campylobacter jejuni. J Clin Microbiol 1991 Feb;29(2):323-7. Feldman M. Seminars in gastrointestinal disease. Semin Gastrointest Dis 1993;4(1):1. Fernando D. Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease in Sri Lanka. Ceylon Med J 1992 Mar;37(1):15-7. Fiedorek SC, Casteel HB, Pumphrey CL, Evans DJ Jr, Evans DG, Klein PD, Graham DY. The role of Helicobacter pylori in recurrent, functional abdominal pain in children. Am J Gastroenterol 1992 Mar;87(3):347-9. Glassman MS, Dallal S, Berezin SH, Bostwick HE, Newman LJ, Perez-Perez GI, Blaser MJ. Helicobacter pylori-related gastroduodenal disease in children. Diagnostic utility of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dig Dis Sci 1990 Aug;35(8):993-7. Goodwin CS, Armstrong JA, Marshall BJ. Campylobacter pyloridis, gastritis, and peptic ulceration. J Clin Pathol 1986 Apr;39(4):353-65. Graham DY. Gastroenterology today and tomorrow. Am J Gastroenterol 1992 May;87(5):559-61. Graham DY. Helicobacter pylori and the endoscopist: whether to diagnose [editorial]. Gastrointest Endosc 1991 Sep-Oct;37(5):577-9. Comment on: Gastrointest Endosc 1991 Sep-Oct;37(5):550-1. Graham DY, Go MF. Helicobacter pylori: current status. Gastroenterology 1993 Jul;105(1):279-82. Graham DY, Klein PD. What you should know about the methods, problems, interpretations, and uses of urea breath tests [editorial]. Am J Gastroenterol 1991 Sep;86(9):1118-22. Graham DY, Klein PD, Evans DG, Evans DJ Jr, Alpert LC, Opekun A, Jerdack GR, Morgan DR. Simple noninvasive method to test efficacy of drugs in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: the example of combined bismuth subsalicylate and nitrofurantoin. Am J Gastroenterol 1991 Sep;86(9):1158-62. Graham DY, Malaty HM, Evans DG, Evans DJ Jr, Klein PD, Adam E. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in an asymptomatic population in the United States. Effect of age, race, and socioeconomic status. Gastroenterology 1991 Jun;100(6):1495-501. Graham DY, Michaletz PA. Should I search for Campylobacter pylori in my patients? Much ado about not much? Am J Gastroenterol 1988 May;83(5):481-3. Gryboski JD. Peptic ulcer disease in children. Med Clin North Am 1991 Jul;75(4):889-902. Hakkinen I, Nevalainen T, Paasivuo R, Partanen P, Seppala K, Sipponen P. Gastric cancer associated structure in mucus glycoproteins shown as a clinically useful marker. Gut 1991 Dec;32(12):1465-9. Comment in: Gut 1992 Dec;33(12):1681. Heenan A. Breath tester. Nurs Times 1989 Sep 6-12;85(36):23. Henze E, Malfertheiner P, Clausen M, Burkhardt H, Adam WE. Validation of a simplified carbon 14 urea breath test for routine use for detecting Heliobacter pylori noninvasively. J Nucl Med 1990 Dec;31(12):1940-4. Hirschl AM, Hirschl MM, Berger J, Rotter ML. Evaluation of a commercial latex test for serological diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in treated and untreated patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1991 Nov;10(11):971-4. Hirschl AM, Rathbone BJ, Wyatt JI, Berger J, Rotter ML. Comparison of ELISA antigen preparations alone or in combination for serodiagnosing Helicobacter pylori infections. J Clin Pathol 1990 Jun;43(6):511-3. Hoek FJ, Noach LA, Rauws EA, Tytgat GN. Evaluation of the performance of commercial test kits for detection of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in serum. J Clin Microbiol 1992 Jun;30(6):1525-8. Hoshina S, Kahn SM, Jiang W, Green PH, Neu HC, Chin N, Morotomi M, LoGerfo P, Weinstein IB. Direct detection and amplification of Helicobacter pylori ribosomal 16S gene segments from gastric endoscopic biopsies. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1990 Nov-Dec;13(6):473-9. Husebye E, O'Leary D, Skar V, Melby K. How reliable are the 14C-urea breath test and specific serology for the detection of gastric Campylobacter? Scand J Gastroenterol 1990 Jul;25(7):725-30. Jankowski J, Bridges AB, Scott N, Wormsley KG, Belch JJ. Circulating free radical markers and peptic ulcer disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1991;3(11):823-8. Karnes WE Jr, Samloff IM, Siurala M, Kekki M, Sipponen P, Kim SW, Walsh JH. Positive serum antibody and negative tissue staining for Helicobacter pylori in subjects with atrophic body gastritis. Gastroenterology 1991 Jul;101(1):167-74. Comment in: Gastroenterology 1992 Feb;102(2):744-5. Khanna MU, Kochar N, Nair NG, Bhatia SJ, Abraham P. Evaluation of a modified medium for the one hour urease test for Helicobacter pylori infection. Indian J Gastroenterol 1990 Jul;9(3):219-20. Koch HK, Baumert B, Koch U, Oehlert M, Oehlert W. Prevalence of Campylobacter pylori as demonstrated by histology or CLO-test in different types of gastritis. A study in 5 clinically predefined groups of patients. Pathol Res Pract 1990 Feb;186(1):154-8. Labenz J, Gyenes E, Ruhl G, Peitz U, Borsch G. [Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori colonization of the gastric mucosa. A prospective comparative study of direct test methods and validation of a new urease test]. Med Klin 1991 Sep 15;86(9):461-4. (Ger). Labenz J, Gyenes E, Ruhl GH, Wieczorek M, Hluchy J, Borsch G. [Is Helicobacter pylori gastritis a macroscopic diagnosis?]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1993 Feb 12;118(6):176-80. (Ger). Lin SK, Lambert JR, Schembri M, Nicholson L, Finlay M, Wong C, Coulepis A. A comparison of diagnostic tests to determine Helicobacter pylori infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1992 Mar-Apr;7(2):203-9. Loffeld RJ, Stobberingh E, Flendrig JA, van Spreeuwel JP, Arends JW. Diagnostic value of an immunoassay to detect anti Campylobacter pylori antibodies in non-ulcer dyspepsia. Lancet 1989 May 27;1(8648):1182-5. 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[An efficient method for quantification of Helicobacter pylori in biopsy specimen using PCR]. Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 1993 Feb;90(2):97-104. (Jpn). Neithercut WD, Milne A, Chittajallu RS, el Nujumi AM, McColl KE. Detection of Helicobacter pylori infection of the gastric mucosa by measurement of gastric aspirate ammonium and urea concentrations. Gut 1991 Sep;32(9):973-6. Novis BH, Gabay G, Leichtmann G, Peri M, Bernheim J, Pomeranz IS. Two point analysis 15-minute 14C-urea breath test for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. Digestion 1991;50(1):16-21. Ohkusa T, Okayasu I, Yamada M, Hosoi H, Yamanaka A, Fujiki K, Tamura Y, Takashimizu I, Sasabe M, Yamamoto N, et al. A high frequency of detection of Helicobacter pylori in whitish exudate of gastric ulcer. J Clin Gastroenterol 1991 Dec;13(6):649-55. Ormand JE, Talley NJ, Carpenter HA, Shorter RG, Conley CR, Wilson WR, DiMagno EP, Zinsmeister AR, Phillips SF. [14C]urea breath test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori. 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Last updated: 31 December 1996