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| Current Bibliographies in Medicine | |
Current Bibliographies in Medicine 93-5
Health Care for Women: Access, Utilization, Outcomes
CBM 93-5 Health Care for Women: Access, Utilization, Outcomes January 1990 through July 1993 580 Citations Prepared by: Loretta D. Ulincy, M.L.S., National Library of Medicine Susan J. Simmons, Ph.D., R.N., Office on Women's Health, U. S. Public Health Service U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service National Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine Reference Section 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20894 1993 SERIES NOTE Current Bibliographies in Medicine (CBM) is a continuation in part of the National Library of Medicine's Literature Search Series, which ceased in 1987 with No. 87-15. In 1989 it also subsumed the Specialized Bibliography Series. Each bibliography in the new series covers a distinct subject area of biomedicine and is intended to fulfill a current awareness function. Citations are usually derived from searching a variety of online databases. NLM databases utilized include MEDLINE, AVLINE, BIOETHICSLINE, CANCERLIT, CATLINE, HEALTH, POPLINE and TOXLINE. The only criterion for the inclusion of a particular published work is its relevance to the topic being presented; the format, ownership, or location of the material is not considered. Comments and suggestions on this series may be addressed to: Karen Patrias, Editor Current Bibliographies in Medicine Reference Section National Library of Medicine Bethesda, MD 20894 Phone: 301-496-6097 Fax: 301-402-1384 Internet: patrias@nlm.nih.gov Ordering Information: Current Bibliographies in Medicine is sold by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. To order the entire CBM series for calendar year 1993 (approximately 7 bibliographies), send $24.00 ($30.00 foreign) to the Superintendent of Documents citing GPO List ID: CBM93. For your convenience an order blank is given inside the back cover. Orders for individual bibliographies in the series ($3.50, $4.38 foreign) should be sent to the Superintendent of Documents citing the title, CBM number, and the GPO List ID given above. Internet Access: The Current Bibliographies in Medicine series is also available at no cost to anyone with Internet access through FTP (File Transfer Protocol). FTP to nlmpubs.nlm.nih.gov and login: as nlmpubs. The index file in the "bibs" directory provides information on the bibliographies available. Use of funds for printing this periodical has been approved by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget through September 30, 1993. HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN: ACCESS, UTILIZATION, OUTCOMES Women's health issues in general, and women's health care needs in particular, are foremost among the Nation's public health priorities. Meeting the health care needs of women requires a comprehensive understanding of several interrelated issues, including: the social, cultural, economic and physical environments of women; financial access to health care services; provider awareness of the need for women's health services; and the content, quality and outcomes of health services provided to women. Over the past decade, the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) has responded to the importance of women's health. The development and implementation of women's health activities across PHS is based on a set of criteria for defining women's health issues: conditions or diseases unique to women, more prevalent or more serious in women, or for which the risk factors or interventions are different for women. Included in this definition are differences due to health care considerations, including the availability, affordability, and appropriateness of health care services for women. This bibliography addresses a number of key issues influencing health care for women in the United States. Issues are arranged in 9 major categories, including sections on underserved populations; financial access barriers; lifestage considerations; health care provider concerns; and a broad range of issues pertaining to maternal-infant health, reproductive health and health behaviors (e.g., smoking and substance abuse) and health conditions (e.g., cancer and HIV/AIDS). This bibliography lists selected references on women's health care issues published as monographs, journal articles, government reports, technical reports, hearings and news items from January 1990 through July 1993. Arrangement of the bibliography is by subject format; given the crosscutting nature of many of these issues, citations may appear in more than one subject area. Citations have been restricted to the English language literature. SEARCH STRATEGY A variety of online databases are usually searched in preparing bibliographies in the CBM series. To assist you in updating or otherwise manipulating the material in this search, the strategy used for the NLM's MEDLINE database is given below. Please note that the search strategies presented here differ from individual demand searches in that they are generally broadly formulated and irrelevant citations edited out prior to printing. SS 1 = WOMEN'S HEALTH OR WOMEN'S HEALTH SERVICES OR EXP MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES SS 2 = *HEALTH SERVICES (PX) SS 3 = 2 AND NOT 1 SS 4 = *HEALTH FACILITIES (PX) OR EXP *ECONOMICS OR EXP *DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE SS 5 = EXP *HEALTH PLANNING OR EXP *ATTITUDE TO HEALTH OR HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY SS 6 = *HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS A#D DEMAND OR *HEALTH CARE RATIONING OR EXP *SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS OR *CONTINUITY OF PATIENT CARE SS 7 = 3 OR 4 OR 5 OR 6 SS 8 = EXP WOMEN OR ALL WOM#N# OR ALL MOTHER# OR ALL MATERNAL: OR EXP PREGNANCY OR ALL GIRL# OR ALL WIDOW# SS 9 = 7 AND 8 SS 10 = 1 OR 9 SS 11 = 10 AND NOT FOR (LA) GRATEFUL MED To make online searching easier and more efficient, the Library offers GRATEFUL MED, microcomputer-based software that provides a user-friendly interface to most NLM databases. This software was specifically developed for health professionals and features multiple choice menus and "fill in the blank" screens for easy search preparation. GRATEFUL MED runs on an IBM PC (or IBM-compatible) with DOS 2.0 or a Macintosh, and requires a Hayes (or Hayes-compatible) modem. It may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service in Springfield, Virginia, for $29.95 (plus $3.00 per order for shipping). For your convenience, an order blank has been enclosed at the back of this bibliography. SAMPLE CITATIONS Citations in this bibliographic series are formatted according to the rules established for Index Medicus*. Sample journal and monograph citations appear below. For journal articles written in a foreign language, the English translation of the title is placed in brackets; for monographs, the title is given in the original language. In both cases the language of publication is shown by a three letter abbreviation appearing at the end of the citation. Note also that a colon (:) may appear within an author's name or article title. The NLM computer system automatically inserts this symbol in the place of a diacritical mark. Journal Article: Authors Article Title Burton WN, Erickson D, Briones J. Women's health programs at the workplace. J Occup Med 1991 Mar;33(3):349-50. Abbreviated Journal Date Volume Issue Pages Title Monograph: Authors/Editors Title Wiener, Joshua M.; Engel, Jeannie. Improving access to health services for children and pregnant women. Washington (DC): Brookings Institution; 1991. 90 p. Place of Publisher Date Total No. Publication of Pages _________________________________ *For details of the formats used for references, see the following publication: Patrias, Karen. National Library of Medicine recommended formats for bibliographic citation. Bethesda (MD): The Library; 1991 Apr. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-182030. Health Care for Women General Issues Financial Access Gender Differences Underserved Populations Lifestage Issues General Adolescent women Older women Provider Awareness Maternal/Infant Health Reproductive Health Health Conditions and Behaviors Cancer HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases Mental health/violence Smoking Substance abuse HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN General Issues Advance data from Vital and Health Statistics: Numbers 31-40. Vital and Health Statistics Series. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics; 1990 Sep. Report No.: DHHS/PUB/PHS-90-1863; VHS/SER-16/4. 89 p. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-136184. See also PB-208208. Anson O, Rosenzweig A, Shwarzmann P. The health of women married to men in regular army service: women who cannot afford to be ill. Women Health 1993;20(1):33-45. Bass M, Howes J. Women's health: the making of a powerful new public issue. Womens Health Issues 1992 Spring;2(1):3-5. Burton WN, Erickson D, Briones J. Women's health programs at the workplace. J Occup Med 1991 Mar;33(3):349-50. Carney P, Dietrich AJ, Freeman DH Jr. Improving future preventive care through educational efforts at a women's community screening program. J Community Health 1992 Jun;17(3):167-74. Clancy CM, Massion CT. American women's health care. A patchwork quilt with gaps. JAMA 1992 Oct 14;268(14):1918-20. Collins J. Health care of women in the workplace. Health Care Women Int 1990;11(1):21-32. Duelberg SI. Preventive health behavior among black and white women in urban and rural areas. Soc Sci Med 1992 Jan;34(2):191-8. Gurwitz JH, Col NF, Avorn J. The exclusion of the elderly and women from clinical trials in acute myocardial infarction. JAMA 1992 Sep 16;268(11):1417-22. Liu CP. A review of hospital-based women's health services: programs, customers, and facilities. Hosp Top 1992 Winter;70(1):14-7. Lucas VA. An investigation of the health care preferences of the lesbian population. Health Care Women Int 1992 Apr-Jun;13(2):221-8. Marwick C. Women's health action plan sees first anniversary [news]. JAMA 1992 Oct 14;268(14):1816-7, 1821. McElmurry BJ, Swider SM, Bless C, Murphy D, Montgomery A, Norr K, Irvin Y, Gantes M, Fisher M. Community health advocacy: primary health care nurse-advocate teams in urban communities. NLN Publ 1990 Sep;(41-2281):117-31. McKenzie N, Bilofsky E, Lerner S. Women and the health care system. Health PAC Bull 1992 Summer;22(2):3-5, 35. Nemes J. Women's hospitals redefine strategy. Mod Healthc 1991 Aug 26;21(34):22-7. Powers TL, Anderson SP. Attributes and perceived benefits of women's health care services. J Hosp Mark 1990;4(2):33-47. Rodriguez-Trias H. Women's health, women's lives, women's rights [editorial]. Am J Public Health 1992 May;82(5):663-4. Romans MC. The Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Womens Health Issues 1990 Fall;1(1):2-3. Romeis JC, Gillespie KN, Virgo KS, Thorman KE. Female veterans' and nonveterans' use of health care services. Med Care 1991 Sep;29(9):932-6. Ruzek SB. Towards a more inclusive model of women's health [editorial]. Am J Public Health 1993 Jan;83(1):6-8. Schroeder P. Women's health: a focus for the 1990s [editorial]. Womens Health Issues 1992 Spring;2(1):1-2. Stephens B. Women's center program. Targeting midlife women. Profiles Healthc Mark 1991 Apr;(42):42-5. Stephens B. Women's services. "Be smart" theme attracts women. Profiles Healthc Mark 1991 Apr;(42):35-41. Villa Dresser CM ; Carroll MD ; Abraham S. Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics: Numbers 21-30. Vital and Health Statistics Series. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics; 1990 May. Report No. DHHS/PUB/PHS-90-1862. 87 p. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB90-208208. Also published as National Center for Health Statistics Report No.: VHS/SER-16/3. See also PB90-171695. Vital and Health Statistics. Advance data from Vital and Health Statistics: numbers 51-60. Series 16: Compilations of advance data from Vital and Health Statistics, No. 6. 1991 Aug. Report No.: DHHS/PUB/PHS-91-1865, VHS/SER-16/6. 106 p. (Vital and Health Statistics series). Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB92-106483. Sponsored by the National Center for Health Statistics. Wallis LA, Klass P. Toward improving women's health care. J Am Med Wom Assoc 1990 Nov-Dec;45(6):219-21. The Women's Health Data Book. A profile of women's health in the United States. Womens Health Issues 1992;Suppl:1-145. Wysocki S. Women's health care: equality for the 90s. Nurse Pract Forum 1991 Mar;2(1):8-10. Financial Access Alexander GR, Tompkins ME, Petersen DJ, Weiss J. Source of bias in prenatal care utilization indices: implications for evaluating the Medicaid expansion. Am J Public Health 1991 Aug;81(8):1013-6. Baird S. Medicare and Medicaid: opportunity or dilemma? J Health Care Poor Underserved 1990 Summer;1(1):39-45; discussion 46-7. Baker SL, Kronenfeld JJ. Medicaid prospective payment: case-mix increase. Health Care Financ Rev 1990 Fall;12(1):63-70. Bennett T. Insuring women's health [letter]. J Health Polit Policy Law 1991 Fall;16(3):589-93. Braveman P, Bennett T, Lewis C, Egerter S, Showstack J. Access to prenatal care following major Medicaid eligibility expansions. JAMA 1993 Mar 10;269(10):1285-9. Carey TS, Weis K, Homer C. Prepaid versus traditional Medicaid plans: lack of effect on pregnancy outcomes and prenatal care. Health Serv Res 1991 Jun;26(2):165-81. Cline KE. A comparison of the effects of per case and per diem based charges on the distribution of hospital costs across employer groups. Med Care 1990 Aug;28(8):681-702. Clinics provide care to those who can't pay. Calif Hosp 1991 Nov-Dec;5(6):10-1. Coburn AF, McDonald TP. The effects of variations in AFDC and Medicaid eligibility on prenatal care use. Soc Sci Med 1992 Oct;35(8):1055-63. Devaney B, Bilheimer L, Schore J. Medicaid costs and birth outcomes: the effects of prenatal WIC participation and the use of prenatal care. J Policy Anal Manage 1992 Fall;11(4):573-92. Elixhauser A, Weschler JM, Kitzmiller JL, Bennert HW, Coustan DR, Gabbe SG, Herman W, Kaufmann RC, Ogata ES, Marks JS, et al. Financial implications of implementing standards of care for diabetes and pregnancy. Diabetes Care 1992 Mar;15 Suppl 1:22-8. Finn urges Congress to include nutrition services in the standard health benefits package. J Am Diet Assoc 1993 Jun;93(6):640-1. Forrest JD, Singh S. Public-sector savings resulting from expenditures for contraceptive services. Fam Plann Perspect 1990 Jan-Feb;22(1):6-15. Fossett JW, Perloff JD, Kletke PR, Peterson JA. Medicaid patients' access to office-based obstetricians. J Health Care Poor Underserved 1991 Spring;1(4):405-21. Fossett JW, Perloff JD, Peterson JA, Kletke PR. Medicaid in the inner city: the case of maternity care in Chicago. Milbank Q 1990;68(1):111-41. Fox MH, Weiner JP, Phua K. Effect of Medicaid payment levels on access to obstetrical care. Health Aff (Millwood) 1992 Winter;11(4):150-61. Goldfarb NI, Hillman AL, Eisenberg JM, Kelley MA, Cohen AV, Dellheim M. Impact of a mandatory Medicaid case management program on prenatal care and birth outcomes. A retrospective analysis. Med Care 1991 Jan;29(1):64-71. Haas JS, Udvarhelyi S, Epstein AM. The effect of health coverage for uninsured pregnant women on maternal health and the use of cesarean section. JAMA 1993 Jul 7;270(1):61-4. Haas JS, Udvarhelyi IS, Morris CN, Epstein AM. The effect of providing health coverage to poor uninsured pregnant women in Massachusetts. JAMA 1993 Jan 6;269(1):87-91. Harvey SM, Faber KS. Obstacles to prenatal care following implementation of a community-based program to reduce financial barriers. Fam Plann Perspect 1993 Jan-Feb;25(1):32-6. Health care reform legislative platform: economic benefits of nutrition services. J Am Diet Assoc 1993 Jun;93(6):686-90. Holland S, Peterson K. The health care Titanic: women and children first? Second Opin 1993 Jan;18(3):11-29. Howell EM, Herz EJ, Wang RH, Hirsch MB. A comparison of Medicaid and non-Medicaid obstetrical care in California. Health Care Financ Rev 1991 Summer;12(4):1-15. Jencks SF, Benedict MB. Accessibility and effectiveness of care under Medicaid. Health Care Financ Rev 1990 Dec;Spec No:47-56. Knedle-Murray ME, Oakley DJ, Wheeler JR, Petersen BA. Production process substitution in maternity care: issues of cost, quality, and outcomes by nurse- midwives and physician providers. Med Care Rev 1993 Spring;50(1):81-112. Krieger JW, Connell FA, LoGerfo JP. Medicaid prenatal care: a comparison of use and outcomes in fee-for-service and managed care. Am J Public Health 1992 Feb;82(2):185-90. Mayer JP. A time series study of the impact of eligibility expansion on Medicaid financing of births. J Health Soc Policy 1993;4(2):1-17. Mayer JA, Slymen DJ, Jones JA, Allen JL, Eckhardt LE, Hovell MF, Williams SJ. Mammography knowledge and intentions among insured women. Prev Med 1992 Jan;21(1):8-17. McManus MA, Fox HB, Newacheck PW, Wicks LN. How will children and pregnant women fare under current national health insurance proposals? Am J Dis Child 1992 Nov;146(11):1376-80. Medicaid eligibility, prenatal care, and the outcome of pregnancy [letter]. JAMA 1991 Feb 27;265(8):974-5. Moatti JP, Le Gales C, Julian C, Durbec JP, Mattei JF, Ayme S. Socio-cultural inequities in access to prenatal diagnosis: the role of insurance coverage and regulatory policies. Prenat Diagn 1990 May;10(5):313-25. Neuwirth C. Medicaid expansions for prenatal care state and local implementation. Final report. 1992 Jan. Dallas (TX): Dept. of Health and Human Services, Office of Evaluation and Inspections. Report No.: HHS/OG/OEI/6-90/00160. 82 p. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB92-167519. See also PB88-135199. Oberg CN, Lia-Hoagberg B, Skovholt C, Hodkinson E, Vanman R. Prenatal care use and health insurance status. J Health Care Poor Underserved 1991 Fall;2(2):270-92. Olds DL, Henderson CR Jr, Phelps C, Kitzman H, Hanks C. Effect of prenatal and infancy nurse home visitation on government spending. Med Care 1993 Feb;31(2):155-74. Piper JM, Ray WA, Griffin MR, Fought R, Daughtery JR, Mitchel E Jr. Methodological issues in evaluating expanded Medicaid coverage for pregnant women. Am J Epidemiol 1990 Sep;132(3):561-71. Reis J. Medicaid maternal and child health care: prepaid plans vs. private fee- for-service. Res Nurs Health 1990 Jun;13(3):163-71. Sofaer S, Abel E. Older women's health and financial vulnerability: implications of the Medicare benefit structure. Women Health 1990;16(3-4):47-67. St Clair PA, Smeriglio VL, Alexander CS, Connell FA, Niebyl JR. Situational and financial barriers to prenatal care in a sample of low-income, inner-city women. Public Health Rep 1990 May-Jun;105(3):264-7. Strobino DM, Kane LP, Frank RG, Decoster E. Trends in publicly financed prenatal and related services, 1975-1984. J Public Health Policy 1992 Autumn;13(3):277-90. Studies of health care policies show allocation inequities. Hosp Ethics 1992 Mar- Apr;8(2):4-5. Weiner J, Bernhardt BA. A survey of state Medicaid policies for coverage of abortion and prenatal diagnostic procedures. Am J Public Health 1990 Jun;80(6):717-20. Weis D. Uninsured maternity clients: a concern for quality. Appl Nurs Res 1992 May;5(2):74-82. Gender Differences Anson O, Carmel S, Levin M. Gender differences in the utilization of emergency department services. Women Health 1991;17(2):91-104. Ayanian JZ, Epstein AM. Differences in the use of procedures between women and men hospitalized for coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 1991 Jul 25;325(4):221-5. Barry P. Coronary artery disease in older women. Geriatrics 1993 Jun;48 Suppl 1:4-8. Bickell NA, Pieper KS, Lee KL, Mark DB, Glower DD, Pryor DB, Califf RM. Referral patterns for coronary artery disease treatment: gender bias or good clinical judgment? Ann Intern Med 1992 May 15;116(10):791-7. Cannistra LB, Balady GJ, O'Malley CJ, Weiner DA, Ryan TJ. Comparison of the clinical profile and outcome of women and men in cardiac rehabilitation. Am J Cardiol 1992 May 15;69(16):1274-9. Franks P, Clancy CM. Physician gender bias in clinical decisionmaking: screening for cancer in primary care. Med Care 1993 Mar;31(3):213-8. Gerrard M, Breda C, Gibbons FX. Gender effects in couples' sexual decision making and contraceptive use. J Appl Soc Psychol 1990 Apr;20(6):449-64. Green LA, Ruffin MT 4th. Differences in management of suspected myocardial infarction in men and women. J Fam Pract 1993 Apr;36(4):389-93. Hall JA, Palmer RH, Orav EJ, Hargraves JL, Wright EA, Louis TA. Performance quality, gender, and professional role. A study of physicians and nonphysicians in 16 ambulatory care practices. Med Care 1990 Jun;28(6):489-501. Heston TF, Lewis LM. Gender bias in the evaluation and management of acute nontraumatic chest pain. The St. Louis Emergency Physicians' Association Research Group. Fam Pract Res J 1992 Dec;12(4):383-9. Kenen RH, Armstrong K. The why, when and whether of condom use among female and male drug users. J Community Health 1992 Oct;17(5):303-17. King AC, Haskell WL, Taylor CB, Kraemer HC, DeBusk RF. Group- vs home-based exercise training in healthy older men and women. A community-based clinical trial. JAMA 1991 Sep 18;266(11):1535-42. LaRosa JC. Lipids and cardiovascular disease: do the findings and therapy apply equally to men and women? Womens Health Issues 1992 Summer;2(2):102-13. Lee GR, Dwyer JW, Coward RT. Gender differences in parent care: demographic factors and same-gender preferences. J Gerontol 1993 Jan;48(1):S9-16. Leland NL, Barth RP. Gender differences in knowledge, intentions, and behaviors concerning pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease prevention among adolescents. J Adolesc Health 1992 Nov;13(7):589-99. Maynard C, Litwin PE, Martin JS, Weaver WD. Gender differences in the treatment and outcome of acute myocardial infarction. Results from the Myocardial Infarction Triage and Intervention Registry. Arch Intern Med 1992 May;152(5):972-6. Nice DS ; Hilton SM. Sex differences in health care requirements aboard U.S. navy ships. Interim report. San Diego (CA): Naval Health Research Center; 1990 March 20. Report No.: NHRC-90-2. Contract No.: M0106; M0106001. 74 p. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; AD-A223 194/2. Pearson ML, Kahn KL, Harrison ER, Rubenstein LV, Rogers WH, Brook RH, Keeler EB. Differences in quality of care for hospitalized elderly men and women. JAMA 1992 Oct 14;268(14):1883-9. Schoenbaum EE, Webber MP. The underrecognition of HIV infection in women in an inner-city emergency room. Am J Public Health 1993 Mar;83(3):363-8. Steingart RM, Packer M, Hamm P, Coglianese ME, Gersh B, Geltman EM, Sollano J, Katz S, Moye L, Basta LL, et al. Sex differences in the management of coronary artery disease. Survival and Ventricular Enlargement Investigators. N Engl J Med 1991 Jul 25;325(4):226-30. Turpin RS, Darcy LA, Weaver FM, Kruse K. Assessing health care delivery to male versus female veterans. Women Health 1992;18(1):81-95. Wallen J. A comparison of male and female clients in substance abuse treatment. J Subst Abuse Treat 1992;9(3):243-8. Weisner C, Schmidt L. Gender disparities in treatment for alcohol problems. JAMA 1992 Oct 14;268(14):1872-6. Wenger NK. Cardiovascular drugs: the urgent need for studies in women. J Am Med Wom Assoc 1991 Jul-Aug;46(4):117-20. Wenger NK. Coronary heart disease in women: status 1992. J Med Assoc Ga 1992 Dec;81(12):679-81. Wenger NK. Exclusion of the elderly and women from coronary trials. Is their quality of care compromised? [editorial]. JAMA 1992 Sep 16;268(11):1460-1. Young RF, Kahana E. Gender, recovery from late life heart attack, and medical care. Women Health 1993;20(1):11-31. Underserved Populations Aguirre ST. (Maternal and Child Health, Rockville MD). Border Maternity Health Care Project. Final report 1 Oct 83-30 Sep 87. Rockville (MD): Maternal and Child Health Bureau; 1991. Report No: MCJ-063281-03. 22 p. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-225144. Ahmed F, McRae JA, Ahmed N. Factors associated with not receiving adequate prenatal care in an urban black population: program planning implications. Soc Work Health Care 1990;14(3):107-23. Alcalay R, Ghee A, Scrimshaw S. Designing prenatal care messages for low-income Mexican women. Public Health Rep 1993 May-Jun;108(3):354-62. Auslander WF, Haire-Joshu D, Houston CA, Fisher EB Jr. Community organization to reduce the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes among low-income African- American women. Ethn Dis 1992 Spring;2(2):176-84. Baker SL, Kronenfeld JJ. High risk channeling to improve Medicaid maternal and infant care. J Health Soc Policy 1992;3(4):29-49. Balcazar H, Cole G, Hartner J. Mexican-Americans' use of prenatal care and its relationship to maternal risk factors and pregnancy outcome. Am J Prev Med 1992 Jan-Feb;8(1):1-7. Brickner, Philip W.; Scharer, Linda Keen; Conanan, Barbara A., et al., editors. Under the safety net: the health and social welfare of the homeless in the United States. New York: Norton; 1990. 439 p. Braxton G. Wellbeing is our birthright. The meaning of empowerment for women of color. Health PAC Bull 1991 Winter;21(4):9-11. Buechner JS, Scott HD, Smith JL, Humphrey AB. WIC program participation--a marketing approach. Public Health Rep 1991 Sep-Oct;106(5):547-56. Burks JA. Factors in the utilization of prenatal services by low-income black women. Nurse Pract 1992 Apr;17(4):34, 46, 49. Burns J. Hospital, Hispanic TV station put health series on the air. Mod Healthc 1992 Mar 2;22(9):60. Calsyn RJ, Morse G. Homeless men and women: commonalities and a service gender gap. Am J Community Psychol 1990 Aug;18(4):597-608. Clarke LL, Miller MK, Vogel WB, Davis KE, Mahan CS. The effectiveness of Florida's "Improved Pregnancy Outcome" program. J Health Care Poor Underserved 1993;4(2):117-32. Cohen BB, Friedman DJ, Mahan CM, Lederman R, Munoz D. Ethnicity, maternal risk, and birth weight among Hispanics in Massachusetts, 1987-89. Public Health Rep 1993 May-Jun;108(3):363-71. Cordero L, Hines S, Shibley KA, Landon MB. Perinatal outcome for women in prison. J Perinatol 1992 Sep;12(3):205-9. Crane AB. HRSA's collaborative efforts with national organizations to expand primary care for the medically underserved. Public Health Rep 1991 Jan- Feb;106(1):10-4. Crawford AN, Lennon MA. Dental attendance patterns among mothers and their children in an area of social deprivation. Community Dent Health 1992 Sep;9(3):289-94. The crisis in correctional health care: the impact of the National Drug Control Strategy on correctional health services. American College of Physicians, National Commission on Correctional Health Care, and American Correctional Health Services Association. Ann Intern Med 1992 Jul 1;117(1):71-7. Dail PW, Koshes RJ. Treatment issues and treatment configurations for mentally ill homeless women. Soc Work Health Care 1992;17(4):27-44. Davidson EC Jr, Gibbs CE, Chapin J. The challenge of care for the poor and underserved in the United States. An American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists perspective on access to care for underserved women. Am J Dis Child 1991 May;145(5):546-9. Domel SB, Alford BB, Cattlett HN, Gench BE. Weight control for black women. J Am Diet Assoc 1992 Mar;92(3):346-8. Domel SB, Alford BB, Cattlett HN, Rodriguez ML, Gench BE. A pilot weight control program for Hispanic women. J Am Diet Assoc 1992 Oct;92(10):1270-1. Duncan GJ, Hoffman SD. Teenage welfare receipt and subsequent dependence among black adolescent mothers. Fam Plann Perspect 1990 Jan-Feb;22(1):16-20, 35. Egley CC, Miller DE, Granados JL, Ingram-Fogel C. Outcome of pregnancy during imprisonment. J Reprod Med 1992 Feb;37(2):131-4. Fogel CI. Pregnant inmates: risk factors and pregnancy outcomes. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 1993 Jan-Feb;22(1):33-9. Fossett JW, Perloff JD, Peterson JA, Kletke PR. Medicaid in the inner city: the case of maternity care in Chicago. Milbank Q 1990;68(1):111-41. Foster DC, Guzick DS, Pulliam RP. The impact of prenatal care on fetal and neonatal death rates for uninsured patients: a "natural experiment" in West Virginia. Obstet Gynecol 1992 Jan;79(1):40-5. Frye BA. Cultural themes in health-care decision making among Cambodian refugee women. 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Last updated: 31 December 1996