[House Report 108-308]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
108th Congress Report
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1st Session 108-308
======================================================================
INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION ACT OF 2003
_______
October 8, 2003.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the
State of the Union and ordered to be printed
_______
Mr. Boehner, from the Committee on Education and the Workforce,
submitted the following
R E P O R T
[To accompany H.R. 3077]
[Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]
The Committee on Education and the Workforce, to whom was
referred the bill (H.R. 3077) to amend title VI of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 to enhance international education
programs, having considered the same, report favorably thereon
with an amendment and recommend that the bill as amended do
pass.
The amendment is as follows:
Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the
following:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; REFERENCES; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``International
Studies in Higher Education Act of 2003''.
(b) References.--Except as otherwise expressly provided, whenever in
this Act an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment
to, or repeal of, a section or other provision, the reference shall be
considered to be made to a section or other provision of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.).
(c) Table of Contents.--
Sec. 1. Short title; references; table of contents.
Sec. 2. International and foreign language studies.
Sec. 3. Business and international education programs.
Sec. 4. Institute for International Public Policy.
Sec. 5. Evaluation, outreach, and dissemination.
Sec. 6. Advisory Board.
Sec. 7. Recruiter access to students and student recruiting
information; safety.
SEC. 2. INTERNATIONAL AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES.
(a) Findings and Purposes.--Section 601 (20 U.S.C. 1121) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) by striking ``post-Cold War'' in paragraph (3);
(B) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as
paragraphs (5) and (6), respectively; and
(C) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following
new paragraph:
``(4) The events and aftermath of September 11, 2001, have
underscored the need for the nation to strengthen and enhance
American knowledge of international relations, world regions,
and foreign languages. Homeland security and effective United
States engagement abroad depend upon an increased number of
Americans who have received such training and are willing to
serve their nation.'';
(2) in subsection (b)(1)--
(A) by striking ``; and'' at the end of subparagraph
(D) and inserting ``, including through linkages
overseas with institutions of higher education and
relevant organizations that contribute to the
educational programs assisted under this part;'';
(B) by inserting ``and'' after the semicolon at the
end of subparagraph (E);
(C) by inserting after such subparagraph (E) the
following new subparagraph:
``(F) to assist the national effort to educate and train
citizens to participate in the efforts of homeland security;'';
and
(3) in subsection (b)(3), by inserting ``reinforce and''
before ``coordinate''.
(b) Graduate and Undergraduate Language and Area Centers and
Programs.--Section 602(a) (20 U.S.C. 1122(a)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking subparagraph (A) and
inserting the following:
``(A) In general.--The Secretary is authorized to
make grants to institutions of higher education or
consortia of such institutions for the purpose of
establishing, strengthening, and operating--
``(i) comprehensive foreign language and area
or international studies centers and programs;
and
``(ii) a diverse network of undergraduate
foreign language and area or international
studies centers and programs.'';
(2) in paragraph (2)--
(A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph
(G);
(B) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph
(H) and inserting a semicolon; and
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (H) the following
new subparagraphs:
``(I) supporting instructors of the less commonly
taught languages;
``(J) widely disseminating materials developed by the
center or program to local educational agencies and
public and private elementary and secondary education
schools, and institutions of higher education,
presented from diverse perspectives and representative
of the full range of views on the subject matter,
except that no more than 50 percent of funds awarded to
an institution of higher education or consortia of such
institutions for purposes under this title may be
associated with the costs of dissemination; and
``(K) projects that support in students an
understanding of science and technology in coordination
with foreign language proficiency.''; and
(3) in paragraph (4)--
(A) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows:
``(B) Partnerships or programs of linkage and
outreach with 2-year and 4-year colleges and
universities, including colleges of education and
teacher professional development programs.'';
(B) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``Programs of
linkage or outreach'' and inserting ``Partnerships or
programs of linkage and outreach'';
(C) in subparagraph (E)--
(i) by striking ``foreign area'' and
inserting ``area studies'';
(ii) by striking ``of linkage and outreach'';
and
(iii) by striking ``(C), and (D)'' and
inserting ``(D), and (E)'';
(D) by redesignating subparagraphs (C), (D), and (E)
as subparagraphs (D), (E), and (F), respectively; and
(E) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following
new subparagraph:
``(C) Partnerships with local educational agencies
and public and private elementary and secondary
education schools that are designed to increase student
academic achievement in foreign language and knowledge
of world regions, and to facilitate the wide
dissemination of materials related to area studies,
foreign languages, and international studies that are
representative of a full range of views on the subject
matter.''.
(c) Language Resource Centers.--Section 603(c) (20 U.S.C. 1123(c)) is
amended by inserting ``reflect the purposes of this part and'' after
``shall''.
(d) Undergraduate International Studies and Foreign Language
Programs.--Section 604 (20 U.S.C. 1124) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``combinations'' each
place it appears and inserting ``consortia'';
(2) in subsection (a)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by striking ``teacher
training'' and inserting ``teacher professional
development'';
(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (I) through (M) as
subparagraphs (J) through (N), respectively;
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (H) the following
new subparagraph:
``(I) the provision of grants to undergraduate
students for educational programs abroad that are
closely linked to the program's overall goals and have
the purpose of promoting foreign language fluency and
knowledge of world regions, except that not more than
10 percent of a grant recipient's funds may be used for
this purpose;''; and
(D) in subparagraph (M)(ii) (as redesignated by
subparagraph (B) of this paragraph), by striking
``elementary and secondary education institutions'' and
inserting ``local educational agencies and public and
private elementary and secondary education schools'';
(3) in subsection (a)(4)(B), by inserting ``that demonstrates
a need for a waiver or reduction'' before the period at the
end;
(4) in subsection (a)(6), by inserting ``reflect the purposes
of this part and'' after ``shall'';
(5) in subsection (a)(8), by striking ``may'' and inserting
``shall''; and
(6) by striking subsection (c).
(e) Research; Studies; Annual Report.--Section 605(a) (20 U.S.C.
1125(a)) is amended by inserting before the period at the end of the
first sentence the following: ``, including the systematic collection,
analysis and dissemination of data''.
(f) Technological Innovation and Cooperation for Foreign Information
Access.--Section 606 (20 U.S.C. 1126) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) by striking ``or consortia of such institutions
or libraries'' and inserting ``museums, or consortia of
such entities'';
(B) by striking ``new''; and
(C) by inserting ``from foreign sources'' after
``disseminate information'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) by inserting ``acquire and'' before ``facilitate
access'' in paragraph (1);
(B) by striking ``new means of'' in paragraph (3) and
inserting ``new means and standards for'';
(C) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (6);
(D) by striking the period at the end of paragraph
(7) and by inserting a semicolon; and
(E) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following
new paragraphs:
``(8) to establish linkages between grant recipients under
subsection (a) with libraries, museums, organizations, or
institutions of higher education located overseas to facilitate
carrying out the purposes of this section; and
``(9) to carry out other activities deemed by the Secretary
to be consistent with the purposes of this section.''; and
(3) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
``(e) Special Rule.--The Secretary may waive or reduce the required
non-Federal share for institutions that--
``(1) are eligible to receive assistance under part A or B of
title III or under title V; and
``(2) have submitted a grant application under this section
that demonstrates a need for a waiver or reduction.''.
(g) Selection of Grant Recipients.--Section 607(b) (20 U.S.C.
1125a(b)) is amended--
(1) by striking out ``objectives'' and inserting
``missions''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following new sentence: ``In
keeping with the purposes of this part, the Secretary shall
take into account the degree to which activities of centers,
programs, and fellowships at institutions of higher education
advance national interests, generate and disseminate
information, and foster debate on American foreign policy from
diverse perspectives.''.
(h) Equitable Distribution.--Section 608(a) (20 U.S.C. 1128(a)) is
amended by adding at the end the following new sentence: ``Grants made
under section 602 shall also reflect the purposes of this part.''.
(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 610 (20 U.S.C. 1128b)
is amended--
(1) by striking ``1999'' and inserting ``2004''; and
(2) by striking ``4 succeeding'' and inserting ``5
succeeding''.
(j) Conforming Amendments.--Sections 603(a), 604(a)(5), and 612 (20
U.S.C. 1123(a), 1124(a)(5), 1130-1) are each amended by striking
``combinations'' each place it appears and inserting ``consortia''.
SEC. 3. BUSINESS AND INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS.
(a) Centers for International Business Education.--Section 612 (20
U.S.C. 1130-1) is amended--
(1) in subsection (c)(1)(D), by inserting ``(including those
that are eligible to receive assistance under part A or B of
title III or under title V)'' after ``other institutions of
higher education''; and
(2) in subsection (e), by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
``(5) Special rule.--The Secretary may waive or reduce the
required non-Federal share for institutions that--
``(A) are eligible to receive assistance under part A
or B of title III or under title V; and
``(B) have submitted a grant application under this
section that demonstrates a need for a waiver or
reduction.''.
(b) Education and Training Programs.--Section 613 (20 U.S.C. 1130a)
is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
``(e) Special Rule.--The Secretary may waive or reduce the required
non-Federal share for institutions that--
``(1) are eligible to receive assistance under part A or B of
title III or under title V; and
``(2) have submitted a grant application under this section
that demonstrates a need for a waiver or reduction.''.
(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 614 (20 U.S.C. 1130b)
is amended--
(1) by striking ``1999'' each place it appears and inserting
``2004''; and
(2) by striking ``4 succeeding'' each place it appears and
inserting ``5 succeeding''.
SEC. 4. INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY.
(a) Foreign Service Professional Development.--Section 621 (20 U.S.C.
1131) is amended--
(1) by striking the heading of such section and inserting the
following:
``SEC. 621. PROGRAM FOR FOREIGN SERVICE PROFESSIONALS. '';
(2) by striking the second sentence of subsection (a) and
inserting the following: ``The Institute shall conduct a
program to enhance the international competitiveness of the
United States by increasing the participation of
underrepresented populations in the international service,
including private international voluntary organizations and the
foreign service of the United States.'';
(3) in subsection (b)(1), by striking subparagraphs (A) and
(B) and inserting the following:
``(A) An Indian Tribal College or University or
Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institution
eligible for assistance under title III, an institution
eligible for assistance under part B of title III, or
an Hispanic- serving institution eligible for
assistance under title V.
``(B) An institution of higher education which serves
substantial numbers of underrepresented students.'';
and
(4) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following:
``(e) Match Required.--The eligible recipient of a grant under this
section shall contribute to the conduct of the program supported by the
grant an amount from non-Federal sources equal to at least one-half of
the amount of the grant. Such contribution may be in cash or in kind.
The Secretary may waive or reduce the required non-Federal share for
institutions that--
``(1) are eligible to receive assistance under part A or B of
title III or under title V; and
``(2) have submitted a grant application under this section
that demonstrates a need for a waiver or reduction.''.
(b) Institutional Development.--Section 622 (20 U.S.C. 1131a) is
amended by inserting before the period at the end of subsection (a) the
following: ``and promote collaboration with colleges and universities
that receive funds under this title''.
(c) Study Abroad Program.--Section 623(a) (20 U.S.C. 1131b(a)) is
amended by inserting after ``1978,'' the following: ``Alaska Native-
serving, Native Hawaiian-serving, and Hispanic-serving institutions,''.
(d) Advanced Degree in International Relations.--Section 624 (20
U.S.C. 1131b) is amended--
(1) by striking ``masters'' in the heading of such
section and inserting ``advanced'';
(2) by striking ``a masters degree in international
relations'' and inserting ``an advanced degree in international
relations, international affairs, international economics, or
other academic areas related to the Institute fellow's career
objectives''; and
(3) by striking ``The masters degree program'' and inserting
``The advanced degree study program shall be designed by the
consortia, consistent with the fellow's career objectives,
and''.
(e) Internships.--Section 625 (20 U.S.C. 1131c) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting after ``1978,'' the
following: ``Alaska Native-serving, Native Hawaiian-serving,
and Hispanic-serving institutions,'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) by inserting ``and'' after the semicolon at the
end of paragraph (2);
(B) by striking ``; and'' at the end of paragraph (3)
and inserting a period; and
(C) by striking paragraph (4); and
(3) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
``(c) Ralph J. Bunche Fellows.--In order to assure the recognition
and commitment of individuals from underrepresented student populations
who demonstrate special interest in international affairs and language
study, eligible students who participate in the internship programs
authorized under (a) and (b) shall be known as the `Ralph J. Bunche
Fellows'.''.
(f) Report.--Section 626 (20 U.S.C. 1131d) is amended by striking
``annually prepare a report'' and inserting ``prepare a report
biennially''.
(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 628 (20 U.S.C. 1131f)
is amended--
(1) by striking ``1999'' and inserting ``2004''; and
(2) by striking ``4 succeeding'' and inserting ``5
succeeding''.
SEC. 5. EVALUATION, OUTREACH, AND DISSEMINATION.
Part D of title VI is amended by inserting after section 631 (20
U.S.C. 1132) the following new section:
``SEC. 632. EVALUATION, OUTREACH, AND DISSEMINATION.
``The Secretary may use not more than 1 percent of the funds made
available for this title for program evaluation, national outreach, and
information dissemination activities.''.
SEC. 6. ADVISORY BOARD.
Part D of title VI is amended by inserting after section 632 (as
added by section 5) the following new section:
``SEC. 633. INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION ADVISORY BOARD.
``(a) Establishment and Purpose.--
``(1) Establishment.--There is established in the Department
an independent International Higher Education Advisory Board
(hereafter in this section referred to as the `International
Advisory Board'). The International Advisory Board shall
provide advice, counsel and recommendations to the Secretary
and the Congress on international education issues for higher
education.
``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the International Advisory
Board is--
``(A) to provide expertise in the area of national
needs for proficiency in world regions, foreign
languages, and international affairs;
``(B) to make recommendations that will promote the
excellence of international education programs and
result in the growth and development of such programs
at the postsecondary education level that will reflect
diverse perspectives and represent the full range of
views on world regions, foreign language, and
international affairs; and
``(C) to advise the Secretary and the Congress with
respect to needs for expertise in government, the
private sector, and education in order to enhance
America's understanding of, and engagement in, the
world.
``(b) Independence of International Advisory Board.--In the exercise
of its functions, powers, and duties, the International Advisory Board
shall be independent of the Secretary and the other offices and
officers of the Department. Except as provided in this subsection and
subsection (f), the recommendations of the International Advisory Board
shall not be subject to review or approval by any officer of the
Federal Government. Nothing in this title shall be construed to
authorize the International Advisory Board to mandate, direct, or
control an institution of higher education's specific instructional
content, curriculum, or program of instruction. The Board is authorized
to study monitor, apprise and evaluate a sample of activities supported
under this title in order to provide recommendations to the Secretary
and the Congress for the improvement of programs under the title and to
ensure programs meet the purposes of the title. The recommendations of
the Board may address any area in need of improvement, except that any
recommendation of specific legislation to Congress shall be made only
if the President deems it necessary and expedient.
``(c) Membership.--
``(1) Appointment.--The International Advisory Board shall
have 7 members of whom--
``(A) 3 members shall be appointed by the Secretary;
``(B) 2 members shall be appointed by the Speaker of
the House of Representatives, upon the recommendation
of the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader; and
``(C) 2 members shall be appointed by the President
pro tempore of the Senate, upon the recommendation of
the Majority Leader and the Minority Leader.
``(2) Representation.--Two of the members appointed by the
Secretary under paragraph (1)(A) shall be appointed to
represent Federal agencies that have national security
responsibilities, after consultation with the heads of such
agencies. The members of the International Advisory Board shall
also include (but not be limited to) representatives of States,
institutions of higher education, cultural organizations,
educational organizations, local education agencies, students,
and private citizens with expertise in international concerns.
``(3) Qualification.--Members of the International Advisory
Board shall be individuals who have technical qualifications,
professional standing, experience working in international
affairs or foreign service occupations, or demonstrated
knowledge in the fields of higher education and international
education, including foreign languages, world regions, or
international affairs.
``(d) Functions of the Committee.--
``(1) In general.--The International Advisory Board shall
provide recommendations in accordance with subsection (b)
regarding improvement of programs under this title to the
Secretary and the Congress for their review. The Board may--
``(A) review and comment upon the regulations for
grants under this title;
``(B) monitor, apprise, and evaluate a sample of
activities supported under this title based on the
purposes and objectives of this title in order to
provide recommendations for improvement of the programs
under this title;
``(C) make recommendations that will assist the
Secretary and the Congress to improve the programs
under this title to better reflect the national needs
related to the homeland security, international
education, and international affairs, including an
assessment of the national needs and the training
provided by the institutions of higher education that
receive a grant under this title for expert and non-
expert level foreign language training;
``(D) make recommendations to the Secretary and the
Congress regarding such studies, surveys, and analyses
of international education that will provide feedback
about the programs under this title and assure that
their relative authorized activities reflect diverse
perspectives and represent the full range of views on
world regions, foreign languages, and international
affairs;
``(E) make recommendations that will strengthen the
partnerships between local educational agencies, public
and private elementary and secondary education schools,
and grant recipients under this title to ensure that
the research and knowledge about world regions, foreign
languages, and international affairs is widely
disseminated to local educational agencies;
``(F) make recommendations on how institutions of
higher education that receive a grant under this title
can encourage students to serve the nation and meet
national needs in an international affairs,
international business, foreign language, or national
security capacity;
``(G) make recommendations on how linkages between
institutions of higher education and public and private
organizations that are involved in international
education, language training, and international
research capacities to fulfill manpower and information
needs of United States businesses; and
``(H) make recommendations to the Secretary and the
Congress about opportunities for underrepresented
populations in the areas of international relations,
international affairs, and international economics, in
order to effectively carry out the activities of the
Institute under part C.
``(2) Hearings.--The International Advisory Board shall
provide for public hearing and comment regarding the matter
contained in the recommendations described in paragraph (1),
prior to the submission of those recommendations to Secretary
and the Congress.
``(e) Operations of the Committee.--
``(1) Terms.--Each member of the International Advisory Board
shall be appointed for a term of 3 years, except that, of the
members first appointed (A) 4 shall be appointed for a term of
3 years, and (B) 3 shall be appointed for a term of 4 years, as
designated at the time of appointment by the Secretary. A
member of the International Advisory Board may be reappointed
to successive terms on the International Advisory Board.
``(2) Vacancies.--Any member appointed to fill a vacancy
occurring prior to the expiration of the term of a predecessor
shall be appointed only for the remainder of such term. A
member of the International Advisory Board shall, upon the
Secretary's request, continue to serve after the expiration of
a term until a successor has been appointed.
``(3) No governmental members.--Except for the members
appointed by the Secretary under subsection (c)(1)(A), no
officers or full-time employees of the Federal Government shall
serve as members of the International Advisory Board.
``(4) Meetings.--The International Advisory Board shall meet
not less than once each year. The International Advisory Board
shall hold additional meetings at the call of the Chair or upon
the written request of not less than 3 voting members of the
International Advisory Board.
``(5) Quorum.--A majority of the voting members of the Board
serving at the time of a meeting shall constitute a quorum.
``(6) Chair.--The International Advisory Board shall elect a
Chairman or Chairwoman from among the members of the
International Advisory Board.
``(f) Submission to Department for Comment.--The International
Advisory Board shall submit its proposed recommendations to the
Secretary of Education for comment for a period not to exceed 30 days
in each instance.
``(g) Personnel and Resources.--
``(1) Compensation and expense.--Members of the International
Advisory Committee shall serve without pay for such service.
Members of the International Advisory Board who are officers or
employees of the United States may not receive additional pay,
allowances, or benefits by reason of their service on the
International Advisory Board. Members of the International
Advisory Board may each receive reimbursement for travel
expenses incident to attending International Advisory Board
meetings, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as
authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, for
persons in the Government service employed intermittently.
``(2) Personnel.-- The International Advisory Board may
appoint such personnel as may be determined necessary by the
Chairman without regard to the provisions of title 5, United
States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service,
and may be paid without regard to the provisions of chapter 51
and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to
classification and General Schedule pay rates, but no
individual so appointed shall be paid in excess of the rate
authorized for GS-18 of the General Schedule. The International
Advisory Board may appoint not more than 1 full-time
equivalent, nonpermanent, consultant without regard to the
provisions of title 5, United States Code. The International
Advisory Board shall not be required by the Secretary to reduce
personnel to meet agency personnel reduction goals.
``(3) Consultation.--In carrying out its duties under the
Act, the International Advisory Board shall consult with other
Federal agencies, representatives of State and local
governments, and private organizations to the extent feasible.
``(4) Assistance from other agencies.--
``(A) Information.--The International Advisory Board
is authorized to secure directly from any executive
department, bureau, agency, board, commission, office,
independent establishment, or instrumentality
information, suggestions, estimates, and statistics for
the purpose of this section and each such department,
bureau, agency, board, commission, office, independent
establishment, or instrumentality is authorized and
directed, to the extent permitted by law, to furnish
such information, suggestions, estimates, and
statistics directly to the International Advisory
Board, upon request made by the Chairman.
``(B) Services and personnel.--The head of each
Federal agency shall, to the extent not prohibited by
law, consult with the International Advisory Board in
carrying out this section. The International Advisory
Board is authorized to utilize, with their consent, the
services, personnel, information, and facilities of
other Federal, State, local, and private agencies with
or without reimbursement.
``(5) Contracts; experts and consultants.--The International
Advisory Board may enter into contracts for the acquisition of
information, suggestions, estimates, and statistics for the
purpose of this section. The International Advisory Board is
authorized to obtain the services of experts and consultants
without regard to section 3109 of title 5, United States Code
and to set pay in accordance with such section.
``(h) Termination.--Notwithstanding the sunset and charter provisions
of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App. I) or any other
statute or regulation, the International Advisory Committee shall be
authorized through September 30, 2009.
``(i) Funds.--The Secretary shall use not more than one-half of the
funds available to the Secretary under section 632 to carry out this
section.''.
SEC. 7. RECRUITER ACCESS TO STUDENTS AND STUDENT RECRUITING
INFORMATION; SAFETY.
Part D of title VI is amended by inserting after section 633 (as
added by section 6) the following new sections:
``SEC. 634. RECRUITER ACCESS TO STUDENTS AND STUDENT RECRUITING
INFORMATION.
``Each institution of higher education that receives a grant under
this title shall assure that--
``(1) recruiters of the United States Government and agencies
thereof are given the same access to students as is provided
generally to other institutions of higher education and
prospective employers of those students for the purpose of
recruiting for graduate opportunities or prospective
employment; and
``(2) no undue restrictions are placed upon students that
seek employment with the United States Government or any agency
thereof.
``SEC. 635. STUDENT SAFETY.
``Applicants seeking funds under this title to support student travel
and study abroad shall submit as part of their grant application a
description of safety policies and procedures for students
participating in the program while abroad.''.
SEC. 8. NATIONAL STUDY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE HERITAGE COMMUNITIES.
Part D of title VI is further amended by inserting after section 635
(as added by section 7) the following new section:
``SEC. 636. NATIONAL STUDY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE HERITAGE COMMUNITIES.
``(a) Study.--The Secretary of Education, in consultation with the
International Advisory Board, shall conduct a study to identify foreign
language heritage communities, particularly such communities that
include speakers of languages that are critical to the national
security of the United States.
``(b) Foreign Language Heritage Community.--For purposes of this
section, the term `foreign language heritage community' means a
community of residents or citizens of the United States who are native
speakers of, or who have partial fluency in, a foreign language.
``(c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the Secretary of Education shall submit a report to the
Congress on the results of the study conducted under this section.''.
Purpose
H.R. 3077, the International Studies in Higher Education
Act of 2003, seeks to build on programs under title VI of the
Higher Education Act (HEA) that encourage the study of
international affairs, world regions and foreign languages in
higher education. Such programs not only foster knowledge of
the world, but more importantly, train experts who are prepared
to meet America's national security needs. Currently, title VI
authorizes a variety of grants to institutions of higher
education to enhance instruction in foreign language and area
studies (FLAS), international business education, and provide
opportunities for underrepresented populations in international
affairs capacities.
Committee Action
108TH CONGRESS
Subcommittee hearing
On Thursday, June 19, 2003, the Committee on Education and
the Workforce, Subcommittee on Select Education, held a hearing
in Washington, D.C. entitled ``International Programs in Higher
Education and Questions of Bias.'' The purpose of this hearing
was to learn more about the teaching and practices at title VI-
funded centers, and gather information about how these programs
can be improved during the reauthorization of the Higher
Education Act (HEA) to ensure the federal investment in
international studies is providing an effective means to
understanding multiple international perspectives in an
increasingly small international community. Witnesses included:
Dr. Foster Roden, Professor in the College of Business,
University of North Texas, Denton, TX; Ms. Vivien Stewart, Vice
President Education, Asia Society, New York, New York; Dr.
Stanley Kurtz, Research Fellow, Hoover Institution Contributing
Editor, National Review Online, Washington, DC; Dr. Gilbert W.
Merkx, Vice Provost for International Affairs, Duke University,
Durham, NC; and Dr. Terry Hartle, Senior Vice President,
American Council on Education, Washington, DC.
Legislative action
On September 11, 2003, Representatives Pete Hoekstra (R-
MI), John Boehner (R-OH), Howard P. ``Buck'' McKeon (R-CA),
James Greenwood (R-PA), Joe Wilson (R-SC), and Tom Cole (R-OK)
introduced H.R. 3077, the International Studies in Higher
Education Act of 2003, to reauthorize international education
programs under title VI of the Higher Education Act through
fiscal year 2009.
On September 17, 2003, the Subcommittee on Select Education
considered H.R. 3077 in legislative session during which an
amendment in the nature of a substitute was offered and by
unanimous consent accepted as the base text to which any
amendments would be considered. The Subcommittee reported H.R.
3077 favorably, as amended, to the Committee on Education and
the Workforce by voice vote. The Subcommittee considered and
adopted the following amendment:
Mr. Hoekstra (R-MI) offered a substitute
amendment that made technical and clarifying changes to
the legislation. Specifically, the amendment changed
the process for naming the members of the International
Advisory Board from the Secretary of Education to the
House, Senate and Secretary of Education, including the
addition of two representatives from national security
agencies. The amendment further required that the
activities and functions of the International Advisory
Board were to be paid by no more than 50% or less of
the funds appropriated to the Secretary for evaluation,
outreach and dissemination. The amendment clarified
that minority serving institutions should be considered
as partners in the International Business Education
Centers program. Lastly, the amendment clarified the
language allowing agency and military recruiters access
to campuses.
The Committee on Education and the Workforce considered
H.R. 3077 during a legislative session on Thursday, September
25, 2003, during which Representative Pete Hoekstra (R-MI)
offered an amendment in the nature of a substitute. By
unanimous consent, the substitute was accepted as the base text
to which any amendments would be considered. The Committee
adopted the following amendments to H.R. 3077:
Mr. Hoekstra (R-MI) offered a substitute
amendment that clarified the functions of the
International Advisory Board to ensure the Board is
advisory in its scope. In addition, the amendment
clarified that Board members cannot receive
compensation or gifts for their service, staggered the
terms of the Board members, and clarified the basic
operations of the Board. The amendment clarified that
no more than half of the total funds awarded to an
institution of higher education or consortia of such
institutions under title VI could be used for costs of
dissemination materials to elementary and secondary
schools. Lastly, the amendment also clarified that
federal agency and military recruiters are given the
same access to campuses as provided to other
prospective employers.
Mr. Holt (D-NJ) offered an amendment that
established a study, to be conducted by the Secretary
of Education in consultation with the International
Advisory Board, of foreign language heritage
communities.
Mr. Holt (D-NJ) offered an amendment to
authorize projects under the National Language and Area
Centers programs that support students' understanding
of science and technology in coordination with foreign
language proficiency.
The Committee on Education and the Workforce, with a
majority of the Committee present, favorably reported H.R. 3077
as amended, to the House of Representatives by voice vote.
Below is a summary of H.R. 3077.
Summary
H.R. 3077, the International Studies in Higher Education
Act amends the programs under title VI (International Education
Programs) of the Higher Education Act and reauthorizes title VI
through FY 2009.
H.R. 3077, the International Studies in Higher Education
Act creates a new International Education Advisory Board for
all title VI programs to increase accountability by providing
advice, counsel, and recommendations to Congress on
international education issues for higher education. The bill
also requires the Secretary of Education to take into account
the degree to which activities of the centers, programs, and
fellowships at institutions funded by title VI advance national
interests, generate and disseminate information, and foster
debate from diverse perspectives on American foreign policy.
In order to ensure that students of all ages are exposed to
international education, H.R. 3077 encourages and strengthens
international knowledge at all stages of education by allowing
centers and programs funded by title VI to serve as a national
resource for courses and materials for use in elementary and
secondary schools.
H.R. 3077 allows more of the overall title VI funds to be
used for undergraduate education and also permits 10 percent of
a project's funds to be used for sending undergraduate students
on educational programs abroad. Additionally, H.R. 3077
stresses the importance for institutions to promote the safety
of students in study abroad programs.
Noting that minority serving institutions may not have the
capacity to provide matching funds for the programs under title
VI, the bill adds a special rule to the programs in the title
that allows the Secretary to waive or reduce the non-Federal
match for HBCUs, HSIs, Tribally Controlled Colleges and
Universities, and Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian
institutions.
H.R. 3077 clarifies that the Institute for International
Public Policy (IIPP) include all underrepresented populations
in its program in order to enhance participations in
international service. The International Studies in Higher
Education Act also names students who participate in graduate
or undergraduate internship programs through the IIPP as the
``Ralph J. Bunche Fellows.''
Committee Views
International education programs at the postsecondary level
play a critical role in building and maintaining the nation's
ability to supply expertise in foreign language, area studies
and international business arenas. In order to continue the
nation's established leadership role in international affairs,
the opportunities for students to become knowledgeable in
international issues and foreign languages has become
increasingly important. America's interests and national
security are inextricably tied to our knowledge and
understanding of the rest of the world.
Programs authorized under title VI of the Higher Education
Act (HEA) reflect the priority placed by the federal government
on diplomacy, national security, and trade competitiveness by
allowing for the study of international and world issues and
cultures, as well as foreign languages at the postsecondary
education level. Centers and fellowships authorized under title
VI serve the nation's national security interests in two ways:
they produce new cadres of personnel trained in foreign
languages and knowledgeable about foreign areas and they
provide a cumulative body of knowledge about international
affairs, which provide expertise for government agencies and an
intellectual foundation for intelligence.
In a report published by the American Council on
Education's Center for Institutional and International
Initiatives entitled, ``Beyond September 11: A Comprehensive
National Policy on International Education,'' three national
policy objectives have been established by the higher education
community for success in international education. First, the
nation must produce international experts and knowledge to
address national strategic needs. Second, it is imperative to
strengthen the ability of the United States to solve
international problems and third, it is time to develop a
citizenry and workforce that is competent in international
issues and affairs. Programs under title VI were established
over forty years ago to address these objectives and have been
reformed and reauthorized to better reflect the current
international climate.
H.R. 3077 updates the findings and purposes of the programs
under title VI to reflect our national security needs in the
post-September 11th era, as well as the current international
climate. Therefore, the International Studies in Higher
Education Act increases coordination between international and
foreign language studies programs to better meet America's
national and international security needs. The bill also
clarifies that programs under title VI are to reinforce and
coordinate with other federal programs in the areas of foreign
language, area studies, and international affairs. The
Committee recognizes that a complete understanding of area
studies is intrinsically tied to a knowledge of the history,
politics, geography, and languages within a particular region.
In a January 2003 report from the Congressional Research
Service, there was significant discussion regarding the
establishment of either a ``multi-agency board, endowment,
foundation or other independent federal entity to coordinate
and/or administer all federal programs dealing with foreign
language and international studies.'' The report further
suggested that one function of such board or agency might be
``relatively long-range planning to attempt to meet both the
federal government's and the Nation's needs for foreign
language and area studies specialists in a coordinated
manner.''
During the June 2003 hearing on title VI, Dr. Stanley
Kurtz, a Research Fellow with the Hoover Institution, argued
that a board, similar to those that govern the Fulbright and
National Security Education Programs, was needed to help
enhance the programs under title VI. Dr. Kurtz proposed that a
board should be inclusive of all points of view and should
therefore ``be able to hold annual [public] hearings to title
VI activities, including the outreach activities of the
National Resource Centers.''
In a book entitled, ``Language and National Security in the
21st Century,'' published by the National Foreign Language
Center, the authors recommend an ``establishment of mechanisms
to monitor national needs and capacity in language and to
assess how those needs and that capacity are addressed by
federal, state, and local programs, including title VI.'' The
International Advisory Board, within H.R. 3077, is responsible
for specifically making recommendations that will assist the
Secretary of Education and the Congress to improve the programs
under title VI to better reflect the national needs related to
homeland security, international education, and international
affairs, including the assessment of the national needs and
training provided by the institutions of higher education that
receive a grant for expert and non-expert level foreign
language training.
The Committee believes that the programs authorized under
title VI of the HEA are crucially important because they ensure
the expansion of the international knowledge base of the
nation's citizenry and promote the growth and development in
national need areas related to addressing national security
interests. Therefore, H.R. 3077 established an International
Advisory Board, which will provide advice, counsel and
recommendations to the Secretary of Education and the Congress
on international education issues for higher education in order
to improve international education programs and add new
oversight to programs funded under title VI. Members of the
International Advisory Board are to be appointed by the House
of Representatives, the Senate and the Secretary of Education,
who must select two representatives from agencies with national
security responsibilities. These agencies may include, but not
be limited to, the Department of Defense, the Department of
Homeland Security, the Department of State, the National
Security Administration, and the Central Intelligence Agency.
The International Advisory Board is authorized to hold
public hearings to review the recommendations provided by the
Board to the Secretary and the Congress. The Committee believes
this is an important first step to engage the independent board
with the grantees, communities and constituencies who are most
interested in the objectives and outcomes of the programs
authorized under title VI. In order to more effectively make
suggestions of for the improvement of the international
education programs authorized under the title, the Committee
believes the International Advisory Board should monitor,
apprise and evaluate a sample of activities supported by
programs in order to provide recommendations for improvement of
the programs under the title. However, the Committee strongly
believes that the International Advisory Board does not have
the authority to mandate, direct, or control an institution of
higher education's specific instructional content, curriculum,
or program of instruction.
Moreover, the Committee believes that when selecting
grantees, the Secretary should take into account the degree to
which activities of centers, programs, and fellowships at
institutions of higher education advance national interests,
generate and disseminate information, and foster debate on
American foreign policy from diverse intellectual perspectives.
The Committee also believes that it should be clear that
recruiters from the military and federal agencies should be
given the same access as is granted to prospective employers
who wish to recruit students for non-government related
employment opportunities. The Committee believes students who
benefit from the programs funded under title VI have
instrumental and unique skills in foreign language, world
regions and international affairs that would serve to benefit
the military and agencies of the federal government.
During the June 2003 hearing, Ms. Vivien Stewart,
representing the Asia Society, testified that the levels of
student knowledge about international affairs is rudimentary.
``Young Americans are next to last in their knowledge of
geography and international affairs compared with students from
eight other industrial countries,'' she argued. Furthermore,
Ms. Stewart highlighted the fact that most prospective teachers
do not take any international education courses and have very
low participation rates in study abroad programs.
The International Studies in Higher Education Act ensures
that colleges of education and teacher professional development
programs can be included as partners in outreach grants and
summer institute programs. By authorizing the Secretary to make
grants to outreach and summer institute programs that involve
partnerships with local educational agencies and public and
private elementary and secondary schools, the Committee
believes there will be an increase in student academic
achievement in foreign language and the knowledge of world
regions. Finally, by authorizing title VI centers and programs
to serve as a national resource for courses and materials for
elementary and secondary schools, the Committee believes this
legislation will encourage and enhance international knowledge
at all stages and levels of education.
The Committee urges that the Secretary of Education
encourage the development of programs that stress the teaching
of foreign languages for practical and professional use,
including programs that promote foreign language education
across the curriculum.
H.R. 3077 encourages the Secretary of Education to engage
in data collection and analysis of international education and
foreign language needs and outputs on an ongoing and systematic
basis, and to make the results known nationally on a regular
basis. The Committee notes that international and foreign
language education is an evolving field in the United States,
with heightened importance to the national interest. The
Committee also encourages the Secretary to consider projects
that assess the impact of student learning abroad, develop
foreign language proficiency assessments where they do not
exist for the less commonly taught languages, assess the
relationship between gains in foreign language proficiency and
knowledge of world regions, and assess the impact of technology
on language acquisition.
Recognizing that students who study abroad for the
enhancement of foreign language knowledge and proficiency, as
well as the study of world regions, may travel to areas or
regions in conflict or unrest. The Committee encourages
institutions of higher education to take into consideration
safety policies and procedures for students participating in
any study abroad program funded under title VI.
The Committee believes that international business
education programs reauthorized by H.R. 3077 under title VI of
the HEA play a unique and important role in overall
international education efforts. The programs have proven to be
an integral part of many postsecondary institutions' efforts to
develop international education initiatives.
A hallmark program for the education, inclusion and
participation of students from underrepresented populations,
the Institute for International Public Policy (IIPP) was
amended in H.R. 3077 to include all underrepresented
populations in its program in order to enhance participation in
international service. The Committee believes it is important
to recognize the achievements of a statesman and diplomat,
Ralph J. Bunche by naming students who participate in
internships under the IIPP program as the ``Ralph J. Bunche
Fellows.'' Ralph J. Bunche was the first African-American
awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. He was awarded the honor in 1950
for his efforts as a negotiator for the United Nations in the
peace talks in the Middle East.
Additionally, the Committee recognizes the valuable and
important role minority serving institutions play in
postsecondary education. As these institutions may not have the
capacity to provide full matching funds for the programs under
title VI, H.R. 3077 adds a special rule to the programs in the
title that allows the Secretary to waive or reduce the non-
Federal match for Historically Black Colleges and Universities
(HBCUs), Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs), Tribally
Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), and Alaska Native
and Native Hawaiian serving institutions. Although this waiver
authority currently exists for some programs under the title
and throughout the HEA, the Committee believes it is important
to ensure continuity and consistency among all title VI
programs, which have a direct benefit to our national interests
and security.
It is imperative that title VI programs, as the largest
federal program supporting language and area studies in the
national interest, continue to take responsibility for training
experts and building and maintaining national capacity in the
nation's education system. The consideration and adoption of
H.R. 3077 will have a distinct effect on the international
education efforts of postsecondary education institutions as
partners in addressing national strategic needs in foreign
language, area studies, international affairs and international
business education.
Section-by-Section Analysis
SECTION 1
States the short title as the ``International Studies in
Higher Education Act of 2003'' and contains the table of
contents for this title.
SECTION 2
Amends Section 601 with regard to the findings and purposes
of this Act.
Amends section 602(a) by authorizing the Secretary to award
grants to support instructors of the less commonly taught
languages; authorizing the dissemination of materials developed
by centers and programs to local educational agencies and
public and private elementary and secondary schools;
authorizing projects that support students in understanding
science and technology and foreign language proficiency; and
encouraging partnerships between 2- and 4-year institutions of
higher education, colleges of education, and federal and state
departments and agencies.
Amends section 603(c) regarding Language Resource Centers.
Amends section 604 by authorizing additional uses of funds
for sending undergraduate students on educational programs
abroad to enhance their foreign language proficiency and
cultural knowledge; and removing the 10 percent funding cap for
this section.
Amends Section 605(a) by modifying authorized activities to
encourage the Department of Education to engage in data
collection and analysis of international education and foreign
language needs and outputs.
Amends Section 606 by permitting museums to apply for
grants under this section; by authorizing funds to be used for
the acquisition of printed material from abroad for the
purposes of this section, the development of standards for
electronic access, the means for access of international data,
the establishment of linkages with institutions abroad that
facilitate access to foreign information, and to provide the
Department of Education with the flexibility to establish new
activities that are useful for carrying out the purposes of
this section, with the idea that future technological changes
may enhance the activities which could be conducted under this
section; and allows the Secretary of Education to waive or
reduce non-Federal share for institutions that receive
assistance under part A or B of title III or under title V that
have applied for a grant.
Amends Section 607(b) by requiring the Secretary to take
into account the degree to which grant applicants advance
national interests and generate and disseminate information
from diverse perspectives with regard to American foreign
policy.
Amends Section 608(a) with regard to equitable
distribution.
Amends Section 610 pertaining to the authorization of
appropriations.
SECTION 3
Amends Section 612 by allowing the Secretary to waive or
reduce the non-Federal share for institutions that receive
assistance under part A or B of title III or under title V that
have applied for a grant.
Amends Section 613 by allowing the Secretary to waive or
reduce the non-Federal share for institutions that receive
assistance under part A or B of title III or under title V that
have applied for a grant.
Amends Section 614 with regard to the authorization of
appropriations.
SECTION 4
Amends Section 621 by clarifying that the Institute for
International Public Policy shall include all underrepresented
minorities in its program in order to enhance participationin
international service; by modifying the heading of Section 621 to read
``Program for Foreign Service Professionals''; and by allowing the
Secretary to waive or reduce the non-Federal share for institutions
that receive assistance under part A or B of title III or under title V
that have applied for a grant.
Amends Section 622 by encouraging collaboration among
colleges and universities receiving funds under this title.
Amends Section 623(a) regarding the study abroad program.
Amends Section 624 by authorizing the Institute for
International Public Policy's consortia of institutions to
provide advanced degree programs in a variety of academic
areas.
Amends Section 625 by repealing the Interagency Committee
on Minority Careers in International Affairs; and stating that
students who participate in Internship programs, under
subsections (a) and (b), will be called ``Ralph J. Bunche
Fellows.''
Amends Section 626 by requiring the Secretary to submit a
biennial report.
Amends Section 628 with regard to the authorization of
appropriations for this part.
SECTION 5
Amends Part D of title VI to include section 632:
Section 632. Authorizes the Secretary to use not more
than one percent of the funds made available for this
title for program evaluation, national outreach, and
information dissemination activities.
SECTION 6
Amends Part of title VI to include Section 633:
Section 633. Establishes the International Advisory
Board, and sets forth its mission, authorities, and
purpose; clarifies that the Board will be independent
of the Secretary and the Department of Education;
contains provisions regarding the Board's
organizational structure as well as membership
qualifications; and sets forth the functions and
operations of the Board.
SECTION 7
Amends Part D of title VI to include sections 634 and 635:
Section 634. Sets forth provisions regarding recruiter
access to students for the purpose of recruiting for
graduate opportunities or prospective employment.
Section 635. Contains provisions concerning student
safety.
SECTION 8
Amends Part D of title IV to include section 636:
Section 636. Contains provisions requiring the
Secretary, in consultation with the International
Advisory Board, to conduct a study of foreign language
heritage communities and will submit a report not later
than a year after the date of enactment.
Explanation of Amendments
The Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute is explained in
the body of this report.
Application of Law to the Legislative Branch
Section 102(b)(3) of Public Law 104-1 requires a
description of the application of this bill to the legislative
branch. H.R. 3077, the International Studies in Higher
Education Act of 2003, seeks to build on programs under title
VI of the Higher Education Act (HEA) that encourage the study
of international affairs, world regions and foreign languages
in higher education. Such programs not only foster knowledge of
the world, but more importantly, train experts who are prepared
to meet America's national security needs. This bill does not
prevent legislative branch employees from receiving the
benefits of this legislation.
Unfunded Mandate Statement
Section 423 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment
Control Act (as amended by Section 101(a)(2) of the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act, P.L. 104-4) requires a statement of
whether the provisions of the reported bill include unfunded
mandates. H.R. 3077, the International Studies in Higher
Education Act of 2003, seeks to build on programs under title
VI of the Higher Education Act (HEA) that encourage the study
of international affairs, world regions and foreign languages
in higher education, which provides support for discretionary
funded these programs. As such, the bill does not contain any
unfunded mandates.
Correspondence
House of Representatives,
Rayburn House Office Building,
Washington, DC, October 3, 2003.
Hon. John Boehner,
Chairman, Committee on Education and the Workforce, Rayburn House
Office Building, Washington, DC.
Dear Mr. Chairman: Due to other legislative duties, I was
unavoidably detained during Committee consideration of H.R.
3077, ``International Studies in Higher Education Act of
2003.'' Consequently, I missed roll call number one on the
amendment offered by Representative Kind. Had I been present, I
would have voted against the amendment.
I would appreciate your including this letter in the
Committee Report to accompany H.R. 3077. Thank you for your
attention to this matter.
Sincerely,
Charlie Norwood,
Member of Congress.
------
House of Representatives,
October 3, 2003.
Hon. John Boehner,
Chairman, Committee on Education and the Workforce, Rayburn House
Office Building, Washington, DC.
Dear Mr. Chairman: Due to other legislative duties, I was
unavoidably detained during Committee consideration of H.R.
3077, ``International Studies in Higher Education Act of
2003.'' Consequently, I missed roll call number one on the
amendment offered by Representative Kind. Had I been present, I
would have voted in favor of the amendment.
I would appreciate your including this letter in the
Committee Report to accompany H.R. 3077. Thank you for your
attention to this matter.
Sincerely,
Betty McCollum.
Statement of Oversight Findings and Recommendations of the Committee
In compliance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII and clause
(2)(b)(1) of rule X of the Rules of the House of
Representatives, the Committee's oversight findings and
recommendations are reflected in the body of this report.
New Budget Authority and Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate
With respect to the requirements of clause 3(c)(2) of rule
XIII of the House of Representatives and section 308(a) of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and with respect to
requirements of 3(c)(3) of rule XIII of the House of
Representatives and section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act
of 1974, the Committee has received the following cost estimate
for H.R. 3077 from the Director of the Congressional Budget
Office:
U.S. Congress,
Congressional Budget Office,
Washington, DC, October 6, 2003.
Hon. John A. Boehner,
Chairman, Committee on Education and the Workforce, House of
Representatives, Washington, DC.
Dear Mr. Chairman: The Congressional Budget Office has
prepared the enclosed cost estimate for H.R. 3077, the
International Studies in Higher Education Act of 2003.
If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be
pleased to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Deborah
Kalcevic.
Sincerely,
Elizabeth M. Robinson
(For Douglas Holtz-Eakin, Director).
Enclosure.
H.R. 3077--International Studies in Higher Education Act of 2003
Summary: H.R. 3077 would reauthorize programs under title
VI of the Higher Education Act through 2009. These programs
expired at the end of fiscal year 2003 but were extended
automatically for 2004 by the General Education Provisions Act
(GEPA).
CBO estimates that authorizations under the bill would
total $108 million in 2004 and $683 million over the 2004-2009
period, assuming that funding is adjusted for inflation after
2004. (Without such inflation adjustments, the authorizations
would total about $648 million over the 2004-2009 period.) CBO
estimates that appropriation of the authorized levels would
result in outlays of $527 million over the 2004-2009 period
assuming annual adjustments for inflation (and about $507
million without adjustments for inflation). Enacting H.R. 3077
would not affect direct spending or receipts.
H.R. 3077 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector
mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA).
The grants authorized by the bill would benefit state, local,
and tribal governments.
Estimated cost to the Federal Government: The estimated
budgetary impact of H.R. 3077, with inflation adjustments for
the various components of each title of the bill, is shown in
the following table. The costs of this legislation fall within
budget function 500 (education, training, employment, and
social services).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
By fiscal year, in millions of dollars--
------------------------------------------------
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION
Authorizations in H.R. 3077
International and Foreign Language Studies:
Estimated authorization level.......................... 0 80 82 83 85 87 89
Estimated outlays...................................... 0 4 58 74 83 85 86
Centers for International Business:
Estimated authorization level.......................... 0 11 11 11 12 12 12
Estimated outlays...................................... 0 1 8 10 11 12 12
Education and training:
Estimated authorization level.......................... 0 7 7 7 7 8 8
Estimated outlays...................................... 0 * 5 6 7 7 8
Institute for International Public Policy:
Esimated authorization level........................... 0 10 10 10 11 11 11
Estimated outlays...................................... 0 1 7 9 10 11 11
Total authorizations in H.R. 3077:
Estimated authorization level.......................... 0 108 110 112 115 117 120
Estimated outlays...................................... 0 5 79 100 112 114 117
Less: amounts authorized for 2004 under current law:
Authorization level \1\.................................... n.a. 95 0 0 0 0 0
Estimated outlays.......................................... n.a. 5 65 17 9 0 0
Total proposed changes:
Estimated authorization level.............................. 0 13 110 112 115 117 120
Estimated outlays.......................................... 0 1 14 83 103 114 117
Memorandum
Total spending for Title VI of the Higher Education Act under
H.R. 3077:
Budget authority/estimated authorization level \1\......... 95 108 110 112 115 117 120
Estimated outlays \2\...................................... 82 92 104 108 112 114 117
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The 2003 level is the amount appropriated that year. Under the General Education Provisions Act (GEPA), the
affected programs were automatically authorized at the 2003 appropriation.
\2\ Includes outlays from appropriations provided in 2003 and prior years.
Notes.--Components may not sum to totals because of rounding. *=Less than $500,000. n.a.=not applicable.
Basis of estimate: H.R. 3077 would reauthorize programs
under title VI of the Higher Education Act through 2009. These
programs are currently authorized for 2004 under the automatic
one-year extension provided by GEPA.
Each of the authorizations is a specific amount for 2004
and such sums as may be necessary through 2009. The bill would
authorize total appropriations of $108 million in 2004, $13
million more than the amounts appropriated for 2003. CBO
estimates that this bill would authorize total funding of $683
million over the 2004-2009 period, assuming that funding for
the ``such sums'' authorizations specified for years after 2004
is provided at the authorized levels for 2004 adjusted for
inflation. The outlays from such appropriations would amount to
$5 million in 2004 and $527 million over the six-year period.
The estimated outlays reflect historical rates of spending for
the affected programs.
International and Foreign Language Studies
H.R. 3077 would revise and reauthorize the International
and Foreign Language Studies programs. These programs are
designed to improve the performance of higher educational
institutions in providing training in foreign languages. The
activities authorized include teacher training, research on new
teaching methods and dissemination of those research findings,
postgraduate research and student/faculty exchanges, library
support, and other services.
The bill would authorize $80 million for 2004--$2 million
above the GEPA authorized level--and such sums as may be
necessary for years 2005 through 2009. CBO estimates the total
authorization for the 2004-2009 period would be about $506
million, assuming adjustments for inflation, with resulting
outlays of $390 million over those six years. The program was
funded at $78 million in 2003.
Centers for International Business Education
The bill would authorize appropriations for the Centers for
International Business Education through 2009. These centers
support institutions of higher education by sharing in the
costs of programs to provide an interdisciplinary approach to
international business. Supporting activities include
instruction in critical foreign languages and improved business
strategies, as well as research and training.
The bill would reauthorize the program at $11 million in
2004--$4 million less than the amount authorized under GEPA--
and such sums as may be necessary for each of next five years.
For this program, CBO estimates the total authorization for the
2004-2009 period would be $70 million, assuming adjustments for
inflation, with resulting outlays of $54 million over those six
years. The program was funded at $15 million in 2003.
Education and training programs
H.R. 3077 would reauthorize the education and training
programs directed toward international education through 2009.
These programs had been previously authorized as part of the
international and foreign language studies programs.
The bill would authorize the program at $7 million in 2004
and such sums as may be necessary for the next five years. The
total authorization for the 2004-2009 period would amount to
$44 million and, assuming the funds would be appropriated,
would result in total outlays of $34 million. Funding for these
activities in 2003 was provided through the appropriations for
the international and foreign language studies programs.
Institute for International Public Policy
The bill would extend the authorization of the Institute
for International Public Policy through 2009. The institute is
intended to increase the pool for minority professionals who
can fill foreign policy positions in the federal government.
H.R. 3077 would extend the institute's authorization at $10
million in 2004--about $8 million more than the GEPA-authorized
level--and such sums as may be necessary through 2009. CBO
estimates that the bill would authorize appropriations totaling
$63 million over the 2004-2009 period; the resulting outlays
would amount to $49 million. The institute's funding in 2003
was $1.6 million.
Intergovernmental and private-sector impact: H.R. 3077
contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as
defined in UMRA. The bill would benefit state, local, and
tribal governments because public and tribal educational
institutions would be eligible to apply for grants authorized
in the bill. Any costs incurred by state, local, or tribal
governments would result from complying with grant conditions.
Estimate prepared by: Federal Costs: Deborah Kalcevic.
Impact on State, Local, and Tribal Governments: Sarah Puro.
Impact on the Private Sector: Nabeel Alsalam.
Estimate approved by: Robert A. Sunshine, Assistant
Director for Budget Analysis.
Statement of General Performance Goals and Objectives
In accordance with Clause (3)(c) of House rule XIII, the
goal of H.R. 3077 is to provide support for international
education programs. H.R. 3077 seeks to build on programs under
title VI of the Higher Education Act (HEA) that encourage the
study of international affairs, world regions and foreign
languages in higher education. Such programs not only foster
knowledge of the world, but more importantly, train experts who
are prepared to meet America's national security needs. The
Committee expects the Department of Education to comply with
H.R. 3077 and implement the changes to the law in accordance
with the changes.
Constitutional Authority Statement
Under clause 3(d)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House
of Representatives, the Committee must include a statement
citing the specific powers granted to Congress in the
Constitution to enact the law proposed by H.R. 3077. The
Committee believes that the amendments made by this bill, which
authorize appropriations for education assistance, are within
Congress' authority under Article I, section 8, clause 1 of the
Constitution.
Committee Estimate
Clauses 3(d)(2) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of
Representatives requires an estimate and a comparison by the
Committee of the costs that would be incurred in carrying out
H.R. 3077. However, clause 3(d)(3)(B) of that rule provides
that this requirement does not apply when the Committee has
included in its report a timely submitted cost estimate of the
bill prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget
Office under section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act.
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported
In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by
the bill, as reported are shown as follows (new matter is
printed in italic and existing law in which no change is
proposed is shown in roman):
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported
In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new
matter is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is
proposed is shown in roman):
TITLE VI OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACT OF 1965
TITLE VI--INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS
PART A--INTERNATIONAL AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES
SEC. 601. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.
(a) Findings.--Congress finds as follows:
(1) * * *
* * * * * * *
(3) Dramatic [post-Cold War] changes in the world's
geopolitical and economic landscapes are creating needs
for American expertise and knowledge about a greater
diversity of less commonly taught foreign languages and
nations of the world.
(4) The events and aftermath of September 11, 2001,
have underscored the need for the nation to strengthen
and enhance American knowledge of international
relations, world regions, and foreign languages.
Homeland security and effective United States
engagement abroad depend upon an increased number of
Americans who have received such training and are
willing to serve their nation.
[(4)] (5) Systematic efforts are necessary to enhance
the capacity of institutions of higher education in the
United States for--
(A) * * *
* * * * * * *
[(5)] (6) Cooperative efforts among the Federal
Government, institutions of higher education, and the
private sector are necessary to promote the generation
and dissemination of information about world regions,
foreign languages, and international affairs throughout
education, government, business, civic, and nonprofit
sectors in the United States.
(b) Purposes.--The purposes of this part are--
(1)(A) * * *
* * * * * * *
(D) to promote access to research and training
overseas[; and], including through linkages overseas
with institutions of higher education and relevant
organizations that contribute to the educational
programs assisted under this part;
(E) to advance the internationalization of a variety
of disciplines throughout undergraduate and graduate
education; and
(F) to assist the national effort to educate and
train citizens to participate in the efforts of
homeland security;
* * * * * * *
(3) to reinforce and coordinate the programs of the
Federal Government in the areas of foreign language,
area studies, and other international studies,
including professional international affairs education
and research.
SEC. 602. GRADUATE AND UNDERGRADUATE LANGUAGE AND AREA CENTERS AND
PROGRAMS.
(a) National Language and Area Centers and Programs
Authorized.--
(1) Centers and programs.--
[(A) In general.--The Secretary is
authorized--
[(i) to make grants to institutions
of higher education, or combinations
thereof, for the purpose of
establishing, strengthening, and
operating comprehensive foreign
language and area or international
studies centers and programs; and
[(ii) to make grants to such
institutions or combinations for the
purpose of establishing, strengthening,
and operating a diverse network of
undergraduate foreign language and area
or international studies centers and
programs.]
(A) In general.--The Secretary is authorized
to make grants to institutions of higher
education or consortia of such institutions for
the purpose of establishing, strengthening, and
operating--
(i) comprehensive foreign language
and area or international studies
centers and programs; and
(ii) a diverse network of
undergraduate foreign language and area
or international studies centers and
programs.
* * * * * * *
(2) Authorized activities.--Any such grant may be
used to pay all or part of the cost of establishing or
operating a center or program, including the cost of--
(A) * * *
* * * * * * *
(G) summer institutes in the United States or
abroad designed to provide language and area
training in the center's field or topic; [and]
(H) support for faculty, staff, and student
travel in foreign areas, regions, or countries,
and for the development and support of
educational programs abroad for students[.];
(I) supporting instructors of the less
commonly taught languages;
(J) widely disseminating materials developed
by the center or program to local educational
agencies and public and private elementary and
secondary education schools, and institutions
of higher education, presented from diverse
perspectives and representative of the full
range of views on the subject matter, except
that no more than 50 percent of funds awarded
to an institution of higher education or
consortia of such institutions for purposes
under this title may be associated with the
costs of dissemination; and
(K) projects that support in students an
understanding of science and technology in
coordination with foreign language proficiency.
* * * * * * *
(4) Outreach grants and summer institutes.--The
Secretary may make additional grants to centers
described in paragraph (1) for any one or more of the
following purposes:
(A) * * *
[(B) Programs of linkage or outreach with 2-
and 4-year colleges and universities.]
(B) Partnerships or programs of linkage and
outreach with 2-year and 4-year colleges and
universities, including colleges of education
and teacher professional development programs.
(C) Partnerships with local educational
agencies and public and private elementary and
secondary education schools that are designed
to increase student academic achievement in
foreign language and knowledge of world
regions, and to facilitate the wide
dissemination of materials related to area
studies, foreign languages, and international
studies that are representative of a full range
of views on the subject matter.
[(C) Programs of linkage or outreach] (D)
Partnerships or programs of linkage and
outreach with departments or agencies of
Federal and State governments.
[(D)] (E) Programs of linkage or outreach
with the news media, business, professional, or
trade associations.
[(E)] (F) Summer institutes in [foreign] area
studies, foreign language, and other
international fields designed to carry out the
programs [of linkage and outreach] described in
subparagraphs (A), (B), [(C), and (D)] (D), and
(E).
* * * * * * *
SEC. 603. LANGUAGE RESOURCE CENTERS.
(a) Language Resource Centers Authorized.--The Secretary is
authorized to make grants to and enter into contracts with
institutions of higher education, or [combinations] consortia
of such institutions, for the purpose of establishing,
strengthening, and operating a small number of national
language resource and training centers, which shall serve as
resources to improve the capacity to teach and learn foreign
languages effectively.
* * * * * * *
(c) Conditions for Grants.--Grants under this section shall
reflect the purposes of this part and be made on such
conditions as the Secretary determines to be necessary to carry
out the provisions of this section.
SEC. 604. UNDERGRADUATE INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE
PROGRAMS.
(a) Incentives for the Creation of New Programs and the
Strengthening of Existing Programs in Undergraduate
International Studies and Foreign Language Programs.--
(1) Authority.--The Secretary is authorized to make
grants to institutions of higher education,
[combinations] consortia of such institutions, or
partnerships between nonprofit educational
organizations and institutions of higher education, to
assist such institutions, [combinations] consortia or
partnerships in planning, developing, and carrying out
programs to improve undergraduate instruction in
international studies and foreign languages. Such
grants shall be awarded to institutions, [combinations]
consortia or partnerships seeking to create new
programs or to strengthen existing programs in foreign
languages, area studies, and other international
fields.
(2) Use of funds.--Grants made under this section may
be used for Federal share of the cost of projects and
activities which are an integral part of such a
program, such as--
(A) * * *
(B) teaching, research, curriculum
development,
faculty training in the United States or
abroad, and other related activities,
including--
(i) the expansion of library and
teaching resources; and
(ii) preservice and inservice
[teacher training] teacher professional
development;
* * * * * * *
(I) the provision of grants to undergraduate
students for educational programs abroad that
are closely linked to the program's overall
goals and have the purpose of promoting foreign
language fluency and knowledge of world
regions, except that not more than 10 percent
of a grant recipient's funds may be used for
this purpose;
[(I)] (J) the development of programs
designed to integrate professional and
technical education with foreign languages,
area studies, and other international fields;
[(J)] (K) the establishment of linkages
overseas with institutions of higher education
and organizations that contribute to the
educational programs assisted under this
subsection;
[(K)] (L) the conduct of summer institutes in
foreign area, foreign language, and other
international fields to provide faculty and
curriculum development, including the
integration of professional and technical
education with foreign area and other
international studies, and to provide foreign
area and other international knowledge or
skills to government personnel or private
sector professionals in international
activities;
[(L)] (M) the development of partnerships
between--
(i) * * *
(ii) the private sector, government,
or [elementary and secondary education
institutions] local educational
agencies and public and private
elementary and secondary education
schools,
in order to enhance international knowledge and
skills; and
[(M)] (N) the use of innovative technology to
increase access to international education
programs.
* * * * * * *
(4) Special rule.--The Secretary may waive or reduce
the required non-Federal share for institutions that--
(A) * * *
(B) have submitted a grant application under
this section that demonstrates a need for a
waiver or reduction.
(5) Priority.--In awarding grants under this section,
the Secretary shall give priority to applications from
institutions of higher education, [combinations]
consortia or partnerships that require entering
students to have successfully completed at least 2
years of secondary school foreign language instruction
or that require each graduating student to earn 2 years
of postsecondary credit in a foreign language (or have
demonstrated equivalent competence in the foreign
language) or, in the case of a 2-year degree granting
institution, offer 2 years of postsecondary credit in a
foreign language.
(6) Grant conditions.--Grants under this subsection
shall reflect the purposes of this part and be made on
such conditions as the Secretary determines to be
necessary to carry out this subsection.
* * * * * * *
(8) Evaluation.--The Secretary [may] shall establish
requirements for program evaluations and require grant
recipients to submit annual reports that evaluate the
progress and performance of students participating in
programs assisted under this subsection.
* * * * * * *
[(c) Funding Support.--The Secretary may use not more than 10
percent of the total amount appropriated for this part for
carrying out the purposes of this section.]
SEC. 605. RESEARCH; STUDIES; ANNUAL REPORT.
(a) Authorized Activities.--The Secretary may, directly or
through grants or contracts, conduct research and studies that
contribute to achieving the purposes of this part, including
the systematic collection, analysis and dissemination of data.
Such research and studies may include--
(1) * * *
* * * * * * *
SEC. 606. TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION AND COOPERATION FOR FOREIGN
INFORMATION ACCESS.
(a) Authority.--The Secretary is authorized to make grants to
institutions of higher education, public or nonprofit private
libraries, [or consortia of such institutions or libraries]
museums, or consortia of such entities, to develop innovative
techniques or programs using [new] electronic technologies to
collect, organize, preserve, and widely disseminate information
from foreign sources on world regions and countries other than
the United States that address our Nation's teaching and
research needs in international education and foreign
languages.
(b) Authorized Activities.--Grants under this section may be
used--
(1) to acquire and facilitate access to or preserve
foreign information resources in print or electronic
forms;
* * * * * * *
(3) to develop [new means of] new means and standards
for shared electronic access to international data;
* * * * * * *
(6) to assist teachers of less commonly taught
languages in acquiring, via electronic and other means,
materials suitable for classroom use; [and]
(7) to promote collaborative technology based
projects in foreign languages, area studies, and
international studies among grant recipients under this
title[.];
(8) to establish linkages between grant recipients
under subsection (a) with libraries, museums,
organizations, or institutions of higher education
located overseas to facilitate carrying out the
purposes of this section; and
(9) to carry out other activities deemed by the
Secretary to be consistent with the purposes of this
section.
* * * * * * *
(e) Special Rule.--The Secretary may waive or reduce the
required non-Federal share for institutions that--
(1) are eligible to receive assistance under part A
or B of title III or under title V; and
(2) have submitted a grant application under this
section that demonstrates a need for a waiver or
reduction.
SEC. 607. SELECTION OF CERTAIN GRANT RECIPIENTS.
(a) * * *
(b) Selection Criteria.--The Secretary shall set criteria for
grants awarded under section 602 by which a determination of
excellence shall be made to meet the differing [objectives]
missions of graduate and undergraduate institutions. In keeping
with the purposes of this part, the Secretary shall take into
account the degree to which activities of centers, programs,
and fellowships at institutions of higher education advance
national interests, generate and disseminate information, and
foster debate on American foreign policy from diverse
perspectives.
* * * * * * *
SEC. 608. EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF CERTAIN FUNDS.
(a) Selection Criteria.--The Secretary shall make excellence
the criterion for selection of grants awarded under section
602. Grants made under section 602 shall also reflect the
purposes of this part.
* * * * * * *
SEC. 610. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this
part $80,000,000 for fiscal year [1999] 2004, and such sums as
may be necessary for each of the [4] 5 succeeding fiscal years.
PART B--BUSINESS AND INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS
* * * * * * *
SEC. 612. CENTERS FOR INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS EDUCATION.
(a) Program Authorized.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary is authorized to make
grants to institutions of higher education, or
[combinations] consortia of such institutions, to pay
the Federal share of the cost of planning, establishing
and operating centers for international business
education which--
(A) * * *
* * * * * * *
(c) Authorized Activities.--
(1) Mandatory activities.--Programs and activities to
be conducted by centers assisted under this section
shall include--
(A) * * *
* * * * * * *
(D) collaborative programs, activities, or
research involving other institutions of higher
education (including those that are eligible to
receive assistance under part A or B of title
III or under title V), local educational
agencies, professional associations,
businesses, firms, or [combinations] consortia
thereof, to promote the development of
international skills, awareness, and expertise
among current and prospective members of the
business community and other professionals;
* * * * * * *
(e) Grant Duration; Federal Share.--
(1) * * *
* * * * * * *
(5) Special rule.--The Secretary may waive or reduce
the required non-Federal share for institutions that--
(A) are eligible to receive assistance under
part A or B of title III or under title V; and
(B) have submitted a grant application under
this section that demonstrates a need for a
waiver or reduction.
* * * * * * *
SEC. 613. EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMS.
(a) * * *
* * * * * * *
(e) Special Rule.--The Secretary may waive or reduce the
required non-Federal share for institutions that--
(1) are eligible to receive assistance under part A
or B of title III or under title V; and
(2) have submitted a grant application under this
section that demonstrates a need for a waiver or
reduction.
SEC. 614. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
(a) Centers for International Business Education.--There are
authorized to be appropriated $11,000,000 for the fiscal year
[1999] 2004 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the
[4] 5 succeeding fiscal years to carry out the provisions of
section 612.
(b) Education and Training Programs.--There are authorized to
be appropriated $7,000,000 for fiscal year [1999] 2004, and
such sums as may be necessary for the [4] 5 succeeding fiscal
years, to carry out the provisions of section 613.
PART C--INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY
[SEC. 621. MINORITY FOREIGN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.]
SEC. 621. PROGRAM FOR FOREIGN SERVICE PROFESSIONALS.
(a) Establishment.--The Secretary is authorized to award a
grant, on a competitive basis, to an eligible recipient to
enable such recipient to establish an Institute for
International Public Policy (hereafter in this part referred to
as the ``Institute''). [The Institute shall conduct a program
to significantly increase the numbers of African Americans and
other underrepresented minorities in the international service,
including private international voluntary organizations and the
foreign service of the United States.] The Institute shall
conduct a program to enhance the international competitiveness
of the United States by increasing the participation of
underrepresented populations in the international service,
including private international voluntary organizations and the
foreign service of the United States. Such program shall
include a program for such students to study abroad in their
junior year, fellowships for graduate study, internships,
intensive academic programs such as summer institutes, or
intensive language training.
(b) Definition of Eligible Recipient.--
(1) In general.--For the purpose of this part, the
term ``eligible recipient'' means a consortium
consisting of 1 or more of the following entities:
[(A) An institution eligible for assistance
under part B of title III of this Act.
[(B) An institution of higher education which
serves substantial numbers of African American
or other underrepresented minority students.]
(A) An Indian Tribal College or University or
Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving
institution eligible for assistance under title
III, an institution eligible for assistance
under part B of title III, or an Hispanic-
serving institution eligible for assistance
under title V.
(B) An institution of higher education which
serves substantial numbers of underrepresented
students.
* * * * * * *
[(e) Match Required.--The eligible recipient of a grant under
this section shall contribute to the conduct of the program
supported by the grant an amount from non-Federal sources equal
to at least one-half the amount of the grant, which
contribution may be in cash or in kind.]
(e) Match Required.--The eligible recipient of a grant under
this section shall contribute to the conduct of the program
supported by the grant an amount from non-Federal sources equal
to at least one-half of the amount of the grant. Such
contribution may be in cash or in kind. The Secretary may waive
or reduce the required non-Federal share for institutions
that--
(1) are eligible to receive assistance under part A
or B of title III or under title V; and
(2) have submitted a grant application under this
section that demonstrates a need for a waiver or
reduction.
SEC. 622. INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT.
(a) In General.--The Institute shall award grants, from
amounts available to the Institute for each fiscal year, to
historically Black colleges and universities, Hispanic-serving
institutions, Tribally Controlled Colleges or Universities, and
minority institutions, to enable such colleges, universities,
and institutions to strengthen international affairs programs
and promote collaboration with colleges and universities that
receive funds under this title.
* * * * * * *
SEC. 623. STUDY ABROAD PROGRAM.
(a) Program Authority.--The Institute shall conduct, by grant
or contract, a junior year abroad program. The junior year
abroad program shall be open to eligible students at
institutions of higher education, including historically Black
colleges and universities as defined in section 322 of this
Act, tribally controlled Indian community colleges as defined
in the Tribally Controlled Community College Assistance Act of
1978, Alaska Native-serving, Native Hawaiian-serving, and
Hispanic-serving institutions, and other institutions of higher
education with significant minority student populations.
Eligible student expenses shall be shared by the Institute and
the institution at which the student is in attendance. Each
student may spend not more than 9 months abroad in a program of
academic study, as well as social, familial and political
interactions designed to foster an understanding of and
familiarity with the language, culture, economics and
governance of the host country.
* * * * * * *
SEC. 624. [MASTERS] ADVANCED DEGREE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS.
The Institute shall provide, in cooperation with the other
members participating in the eligible recipient consortium, a
program of study leading to [a masters degree in international
relations. The masters degree program] an advanced degree in
international relations, international affairs, international
economics, or other academic areas related to the Institute
fellow's career objectives. The advanced degree study program
shall be designed by the consortia, consistent with the
fellow's career objectives, and designed by the consortia shall
be reviewed and approved by the Secretary. The Institute may
grant fellowships in an amount not to exceed the level of
support comparable to that provided by the National Science
Foundation graduate fellowships, except such amount shall be
adjusted as necessary so as not to exceed the fellow's
demonstrated level of need according to measurement of need
approved by the Secretary. A fellowship recipient shall agree
to undertake full-time study and to enter the international
service (including work with private international voluntary
organizations) or foreign service of the United States
SEC. 625. INTERNSHIPS.
(a) In General.--The Institute shall enter into agreements
with historically Black colleges and universities as defined in
section 322 of this Act, tribally controlled Indian community
colleges as defined in the Tribally Controlled Community
College Assistance Act of 1978, Alaska Native-serving, Native
Hawaiian-serving, and Hispanic-serving institutions, other
institutions of higher education with significant numbers of
minority students, and institutions of higher education with
programs in training foreign service professionals, to provide
academic year internships during the junior and senior year and
summer internships following the sophomore and junior academic
years, by work placements with an international voluntary or
government organizations or agencies, including the Agency for
International Development, the United States Information
Agency, the International Monetary Fund, the National Security
Council, the Organization of American States, the Export-Import
Bank, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, the
Department of State, Office of the United States Trade
Representative, the World Bank, and the United Nations.
(b) Postbaccalaureate Internships.--The Institute shall enter
into agreements with institutions of higher education described
in the first sentence of subsection (a) to conduct internships
for students who have completed study for a baccalaureate
degree. The internship program authorized by this subsection
shall--
(1) * * *
(2) be carried out with the assistance of the Woodrow
Wilson International Center for Scholars; and
(3) contain work experience for the students designed
to contribute to the students' preparation for a
master's degree program[; and].
[(4) be assisted by the Interagency Committee on
Minority Careers in International Affairs established
under subsection (c).
[(c) Interagency Committee on Minority Careers in
International Affairs.--
[(1) Establishment.--There is established in the
executive branch of the Federal Government an
Interagency Committee on Minority Careers in
International Affairs composed of not less than 7
members, including--
[(A) the Under Secretary for Farm and Foreign
Agricultural Services of the Department of
Agriculture, or the Under Secretary's designee;
[(B) the Assistant Secretary and Director
General, of the United States and Foreign
Commercial Service of the Department of
Commerce, or the Assistant Secretary and
Director General's designee;
[(C) the Under Secretary of Defense for
Personnel and Readiness of the Department of
Defense, or the Under Secretary's designee;
[(D) the Assistant Secretary for
Postsecondary Education in the Department of
Education, or the Assistant Secretary's
designee;
[(E) the Director General of the Foreign
Service of the Department of State, or the
Director General's designee;
[(F) the General Counsel of the Agency for
International Development, or the General
Counsel's designee; and
[(G) the Associate Director for Educational
and Cultural Affairs of the United States
Information Agency, or the Associate Director's
designee.
[(2) Functions.--The Interagency Committee
established by this section shall--
[(A) on an annual basis inform the Secretary
and the Institute regarding ways to advise
students participating in the internship
program assisted under this section with
respect to goals for careers in international
affairs;
[(B) locate for students potential internship
opportunities in the Federal Government related
to international affairs; and
[(C) promote policies in each department and
agency participating in the Committee that are
designed to carry out the objectives of this
part.]
(c) Ralph J. Bunche Fellows.--In order to assure the
recognition and commitment of individuals from underrepresented
student populations who demonstrate special interest in
international affairs and language study, eligible students who
participate in the internship programs authorized under (a) and
(b) shall be known as the ``Ralph J. Bunche Fellows''.
SEC. 626. REPORT.
The Institute shall [annually prepare a report] prepare a
report biennially on the activities of the Institute and shall
submit such report to the Secretary of Education and the
Secretary of State.
* * * * * * *
SEC. 628. AUTHORIZATION.
There is authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 for fiscal
year [1999] 2004 and such sums as may be necessary for each of
the [4] 5 succeeding fiscal years to carry out this part.
PART D--GENERAL PROVISIONS
* * * * * * *
SEC. 632. EVALUATION, OUTREACH, AND DISSEMINATION.
The Secretary may use not more than 1 percent of the funds
made available for this title for program evaluation, national
outreach, and information dissemination activities.
SEC. 633. INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION ADVISORY BOARD.
(a) Establishment and Purpose.--
(1) Establishment.--There is established in the
Department an independent International Higher
Education Advisory Board (hereafter in this section
referred to as the ``International Advisory Board'').
The International Advisory Board shall provide advice,
counsel and recommendations to the Secretary and the
Congress on international education issues for higher
education.
(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the International
Advisory Board is--
(A) to provide expertise in the area of
national needs for proficiency in world
regions, foreign languages, and international
affairs;
(B) to make recommendations that will promote
the excellence of international education
programs and result in the growth and
development of such programs at the
postsecondary education level that will reflect
diverse perspectives and represent the full
range of views on world regions, foreign
language, and international affairs; and
(C) to advise the Secretary and the Congress
with respect to needs for expertise in
government, the private sector, and education
in order to enhance America's understanding of,
and engagement in, the world.
(b) Independence of International Advisory Board.--In the
exercise of its functions, powers, and duties, the
International Advisory Board shall be independent of the
Secretary and the other offices and officers of the Department.
Except as provided in this subsection and subsection (f), the
recommendations of the International Advisory Board shall not
be subject to review or approval by any officer of the Federal
Government. Nothing in this title shall be construed to
authorize the International Advisory Board to mandate, direct,
or control an institution of higher education's specific
instructional content, curriculum, or program of instruction.
The Board is authorized to study monitor, apprise and evaluate
a sample of activities supported under this title in order to
provide recommendations to the Secretary and the Congress for
the improvement of programs under the title and to ensure
programs meet the purposes of the title. The recommendations of
the Board may address any area in need of improvement, except
that any recommendation of specific legislation to Congress
shall be made only if the President deems it necessary and
expedient.
(c) Membership.--
(1) Appointment.--The International Advisory Board
shall have 7 members of whom--
(A) 3 members shall be appointed by the
Secretary;
(B) 2 members shall be appointed by the
Speaker of the House of Representatives, upon
the recommendation of the Majority Leader and
the Minority Leader; and
(C) 2 members shall be appointed by the
President pro tempore of the Senate, upon the
recommendation of the Majority Leader and the
Minority Leader.
(2) Representation.--Two of the members appointed by
the Secretary under paragraph (1)(A) shall be appointed
to represent Federal agencies that have national
security responsibilities, after consultation with the
heads of such agencies. The members of the
International Advisory Board shall also include (but
not be limited to) representatives of States,
institutions of higher education, cultural
organizations, educational organizations, local
education agencies, students, and private citizens with
expertise in international concerns.
(3) Qualification.--Members of the International
Advisory Board shall be individuals who have technical
qualifications, professional standing, experience
working in international affairs or foreign service
occupations, or demonstrated knowledge in the fields of
higher education and international education, including
foreign languages, world regions, or international
affairs.
(d) Functions of the Committee.--
(1) In general.--The International Advisory Board
shall provide recommendations in accordance with
subsection (b) regarding improvement of programs under
this title to the Secretary and the Congress for their
review. The Board may--
(A) review and comment upon the regulations
for grants under this title;
(B) monitor, apprise, and evaluate a sample
of activities supported under this title based
on the purposes and objectives of this title in
order to provide recommendations for
improvement of the programs under this title;
(C) make recommendations that will assist the
Secretary and the Congress to improve the
programs under this title to better reflect the
national needs related to the homeland
security, international education, and
international affairs, including an assessment
of the national needs and the training provided
by the institutions of higher education that
receive a grant under this title for expert and
non-expert level foreign language training;
(D) make recommendations to the Secretary and
the Congress regarding such studies, surveys,
and analyses of international education that
will provide feedback about the programs under
this title and assure that their relative
authorized activities reflect diverse
perspectives and represent the full range of
views on world regions, foreign languages, and
international affairs;
(E) make recommendations that will strengthen
the partnerships between local educational
agencies, public and private elementary and
secondary education schools, and grant
recipients under this title to ensure that the
research and knowledge about world regions,
foreign languages, and international affairs is
widely disseminated to local educational
agencies;
(F) make recommendations on how institutions
of higher education that receive a grant under
this title can encourage students to serve the
nation and meet national needs in an
international affairs, international business,
foreign language, or national security
capacity;
(G) make recommendations on how linkages
between institutions of higher education and
public and private organizations that are
involved in international education, language
training, and international research capacities
to fulfill manpower and information needs of
United States businesses; and
(H) make recommendations to the Secretary and
the Congress about opportunities for
underrepresented populations in the areas of
international relations, international affairs,
and international economics, in order to
effectively carry out the activities of the
Institute under part C.
(2) Hearings.--The International Advisory Board shall
provide for public hearing and comment regarding the
matter contained in the recommendations described in
paragraph (1), prior to the submission of those
recommendations to Secretary and the Congress.
(e) Operations of the Committee.--
(1) Terms.--Each member of the International Advisory
Board shall be appointed for a term of 3 years, except
that, of the members first appointed (A) 4 shall be
appointed for a term of 3 years, and (B) 3 shall be
appointed for a term of 4 years, as designated at the
time of appointment by the Secretary. A member of the
International Advisory Board may be reappointed to
successive terms on the International Advisory Board.
(2) Vacancies.--Any member appointed to fill a
vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term
of a predecessor shall be appointed only for the
remainder of such term. A member of the International
Advisory Board shall, upon the Secretary's request,
continue to serve after the expiration of a term until
a successor has been appointed.
(3) No governmental members.--Except for the members
appointed by the Secretary under subsection (c)(1)(A),
no officers or full-time employees of the Federal
Government shall serve as members of the International
Advisory Board.
(4) Meetings.--The International Advisory Board shall
meet not less than once each year. The International
Advisory Board shall hold additional meetings at the
call of the Chair or upon the written request of not
less than 3 voting members of the International
Advisory Board.
(5) Quorum.--A majority of the voting members of the
Board serving at the time of a meeting shall constitute
a quorum.
(6) Chair.--The International Advisory Board shall
elect a Chairman or Chairwoman from among the members
of the International Advisory Board.
(f) Submission to Department for Comment.--The International
Advisory Board shall submit its proposed recommendations to the
Secretary of Education for comment for a period not to exceed
30 days in each instance.
(g) Personnel and Resources.--
(1) Compensation and expense.--Members of the
International Advisory Committee shall serve without
pay for such service. Members of the International
Advisory Board who are officers or employees of the
United States may not receive additional pay,
allowances, or benefits by reason of their service on
the International Advisory Board. Members of the
International Advisory Board may each receive
reimbursement for travel expenses incident to attending
International Advisory Board meetings, including per
diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section
5703 of title 5, United States Code, for persons in the
Government service employed intermittently.
(2) Personnel.-- The International Advisory Board may
appoint such personnel as may be determined necessary
by the Chairman without regard to the provisions of
title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in
the competitive service, and may be paid without regard
to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of
chapter 53 of such title relating to classification and
General Schedule pay rates, but no individual so
appointed shall be paid in excess of the rate
authorized for GS-18 of the General Schedule. The
International Advisory Board may appoint not more than
1 full-time equivalent, nonpermanent, consultant
without regard to the provisions of title 5, United
States Code. The International Advisory Board shall not
be required by the Secretary to reduce personnel to
meet agency personnel reduction goals.
(3) Consultation.--In carrying out its duties under
the Act, the International Advisory Board shall consult
with other Federal agencies, representatives of State
and local governments, and private organizations to the
extent feasible.
(4) Assistance from other agencies.--
(A) Information.--The International Advisory
Board is authorized to secure directly from any
executive department, bureau, agency, board,
commission, office, independent establishment,
or instrumentality information, suggestions,
estimates, and statistics for the purpose of
this section and each such department, bureau,
agency, board, commission, office, independent
establishment, or instrumentality is authorized
and directed, to the extent permitted by law,
to furnish such information, suggestions,
estimates, and statistics directly to the
International Advisory Board, upon request made
by the Chairman.
(B) Services and personnel.--The head of each
Federal agency shall, to the extent not
prohibited by law, consult with the
International Advisory Board in carrying out
this section. The International Advisory Board
is authorized to utilize, with their consent,
the services, personnel, information, and
facilities of other Federal, State, local, and
private agencies with or without reimbursement.
(5) Contracts; experts and consultants.--The
International Advisory Board may enter into contracts
for the acquisition of information, suggestions,
estimates, and statistics for the purpose of this
section. The International Advisory Board is authorized
to obtain the services of experts and consultants
without regard to section 3109 of title 5, United
States Code and to set pay in accordance with such
section.
(h) Termination.--Notwithstanding the sunset and charter
provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.
I) or any other statute or regulation, the International
Advisory Committee shall be authorized through September 30,
2009.
(i) Funds.--The Secretary shall use not more than one-half of
the funds available to the Secretary under section 632 to carry
out this section.
SEC. 634. RECRUITER ACCESS TO STUDENTS AND STUDENT RECRUITING
INFORMATION.
Each institution of higher education that receives a grant
under this title shall assure that--
(1) recruiters of the United States Government and
agencies thereof are given the same access to students
as is provided generally to other institutions of
higher education and prospective employers of those
students for the purpose of recruiting for graduate
opportunities or prospective employment; and
(2) no undue restrictions are placed upon students
that seek employment with the United States Government
or any agency thereof.
SEC. 635. STUDENT SAFETY.
Applicants seeking funds under this title to support student
travel and study abroad shall submit as part of their grant
application a description of safety policies and procedures for
students participating in the program while abroad.
SEC. 636. NATIONAL STUDY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE HERITAGE COMMUNITIES.
(a) Study.--The Secretary of Education, in consultation with
the International Advisory Board, shall conduct a study to
identify foreign language heritage communities, particularly
such communities that include speakers of languages that are
critical to the national security of the United States.
(b) Foreign Language Heritage Community.--For purposes of
this section, the term ``foreign language heritage community''
means a community of residents or citizens of the United States
who are native speakers of, or who have partial fluency in, a
foreign language.
(c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Education shall submit
a report to the Congress on the results of the study conducted
under this section.