U.S. Consuls Help Americans Abroad

-- they issue visas to foreigners;

-- they help U.S. citizens abroad.

There are also consular officers at about 60 U.S. consulates general and 20 U.S. consulatesaround the world. (Consulates general and consulates are regional offices of embassies.)

U.S. consuls usually are assisted by local employees who are citizens of the host country. Because of the growing number of Americans traveling abroad, and the relatively small number ofconsuls, the expertise of local employees is invaluable.

In this pamphlet, we highlight ways in which consular officers can assist you while you aretraveling or residing abroad.

To help us help you while you are abroad, register with the nearest U.S. embassy or consular. This makes it easier for consular officers to reach you in an emergency or to replace a lostpassport.

Consular officers provide a range of services -- some emergency, some nonemergency.

EMERGENCY SERVICES

Replace a Passport - If you lose your passport, a consul can issue you a replacement, often within24 hours. If you believe your passport has been stolen, first report the theft to the local police andget a police declaration.

Help Find Medical Assistance - If you get sick, you can contact a consular officer for a list oflocal doctors, dentists, and medical specialists, along with other medical information. If you areinjured or become seriously ill, a consul will help you find medical assistance and, at your request,inform your family or friends. (Consider getting private medical insurance before you travel, tocover the high cost of getting you back to the U.S. for hospital care in the event of a medicalemergency.)

Help Get Funds - Should you lose all your money and other financial resources, consular officerscan help you contact your family, bank, or employer to arrange for them to send you funds. Insome cases, these funds can be wired to you through the Department of State.

Help In An Emergency - Your family may need to reach you because of an emergency at homeor because they are worried about your welfare. They should call the State Department'sOverseas Citizens Services at (202) 647-5225. The State Department will relay the message tothe consular officers in the country in which you are traveling. Consular officers will attempt tolocate you, pass on urgent messages, and, consistent with the Privacy Act, report back to yourfamily.

Visit In Jail - If you are arrested, you should ask the authorities to notify a U.S. consul. Consulscannot get you out of jail (when you are in a foreign country you are subject to its laws). However, they can work to protect your legitimate interests and ensure you are not discriminatedagainst. They can provide a list of local attorneys, visit you, inform you generally about locallaws, and contact your family and friends. Consular officers can transfer money, food, andclothing to the prison authorities from your family or friends. They can try to get relief if you areheld under inhumane or unhealthful conditions.

Make Arrangements After The Death Of An American - When an American dies abroad, aconsular officer notifies the Americans family and informs them about options and costs fordisposition of remains. Costs for preparing and returning a body to the U.S. may be high andmust be paid by the family. Often, local laws and procedures make returning a body to the U.S.for burial a lengthy process. A consul prepares a Report of Death based on the local deathcertificate; this is forwarded to the next of kin for use in estate and insurance matters.

Help In A Disaster/Evacuation - If you are caught up in a natural disaster or civil disturbance,you should let your relatives know as soon as possible that you are safe, or contact a U.S. consulwho will pass that message to your family through the State Department. Be resourceful. U.S.officials will do everything they can to contact you and advise you. However, they must givepriority to helping Americans who have been hurt or are in immediate danger. In a disaster,consuls face the same constraints you do - lack of electricity or fuel, interrupted phone lines,closed airports.

NONEMERGENCY SERVICES

Issue A Consular Report Of Birth - A child born abroad to U.S. citizens parents usually acquiresU.S. citizenship at birth. The parents should contact the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate tohave a "Report of Birth Abroad of a U.S. Citizen" prepared. This is proof of citizenship for allpurposes.

Issue A Passport - Consuls issue approximately 200,000 passports abroad each year. Many ofthese are issued to persons whose current passports have expired.

Distribute Federal Benefits Payments - Over a half-million people living overseas receivemonthly federal benefit payments. In many countries, the checks are mailed to the U.S. embassyor consulate and distributed through the local postal service.

Assist In Child Custody Disputes - In an international custody dispute, a consul can try to locatethe child abroad, monitor the child's welfare, and provide general information to the Americanparent about laws and procedures which may be used to effect the child's return to the UnitedStates. Consuls may not take custody of a child, or help a parent regain custody of a childillegally or by force or deception.

Help In Other Ways - Consuls handle personal estates of deceased U.S. citizens, assist withabsentee voting and Selective Service registration, notarize documents, advise on property claims,and provide U.S. tax forms. They also perform such functions as adjudicating U.S. citizenshipclaims and assisting U.S. courts in legal matters.

WHAT CONSULAR OFFICERS CANNOT DO

In addition to the qualifications noted above, consular officers cannot act as travel agents, banks,lawyers, investigators, or law enforcement officers. Please do not expect them to find youemployment, get you residence or driving permits, act as interpreters, search for missing luggage,or settle disputes with hotel managers. They can, however, tell you how to get help on these andother matters.

If you need to pick up mail or messages while traveling, some banks and international credit cardcompanies handle mail for customers at their overseas branches. General Delivery (PosteRestante) services at post offices in most countries will hold mail for you.

PRIVACY ACT

The provisions of the Privacy Act are designed to protect the privacy rights of Americans. Occasionally they complicate a consul's efforts to assist Americans. As a general rule, consularofficers may not reveal information regarding an individual American's location, welfare,intentions, or problems to anyone, including the family members and Congressionalrepresentatives, without the expressed consent of that individual. Although sympathetic to thedistress this can cause concerned families, consular officers must comply with the provisions ofthe Privacy Act.

For more information, contact: Overseas Citizens Services, Department of State, Room 4811,Washington, D.C. 20520.

Department of State Publication 10176
June 1994

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