[JPRT, 109th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[COMMITTEE PRINT]
June 14, 2005
EXPLANATION OF H.R. 3039, TO ENACT TITLE 51, UNITED STATES CODE,
``NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS'', AS POSITIVE LAW
CONTENTS
Page
Background....................................................... 1
Conformity With Original Intent.................................. 1
Disposition Table................................................ 2
Section-by-Section Explanation................................... 8
Background
Over the past five decades, a substantial amount of
legislation has been enacted related to national and commercial
space programs (see, e.g., National Aeronautics and Space Act
of 1958; Commercial Space Act of 1998). In the United States
Code, some of these provisions have been classified to title 42
(Public Health and Welfare) and others have been classified to
title 15 (Commerce and Trade). No distinct title for national
and commercial space programs exists in the United States Code
because the organizational scheme for the Code was originally
established in 1926, before such programs were contemplated.
The bill gathers provisions related to national and
commercial space programs and restates these provisions as a
new positive law title of the United States Code. The new
positive law title replaces the former provisions, which are
repealed by the bill.
The bill was prepared by the Office of the Law Revision
Counsel as part of the Office's ongoing responsibility under
section 205(c) of House Resolution No. 988, 93d Congress, as
enacted into law by Public Law 93-554 (2 U.S.C. 285b), ``[t]o
prepare, and submit to the Committee on the Judiciary one title
at a time, a complete compilation, restatement, and revision of
the general and permanent laws of the United States''.
Conformity With Original Intent
The bill was prepared in accordance with the standard for
codification legislation set forth in section 205(c)(1) of
House Resolution No. 988, 93d Congress, as enacted into law by
Public Law 93-554 (2 U.S.C. 285b(1)), which provides that the
restatement of existing law shall conform to ``the understood
policy, intent, and purpose of the Congress in the original
enactments, with such amendments and corrections as will remove
ambiguities, contradictions, and other imperfections''.
In restating existing law, the bill consolidates various
provisions that have been enacted separately over a period of
many years. To restate these various provisions as a cohesive
unit, it is necessary to make changes in organization, style,
and terminology. In addition, the bill eliminates obsolete
language and corrects errors in the law. The changes in
existing law made by the bill are purely technical in nature
and do not impair the precedential value of earlier judicial
decisions or other interpretations.
The following authorities are relevant to an interpretation
of the general intent of codification legislation:
Finley v. United States, 490 U.S. 545, 553-555 (1989).
Tidewater Oil Co. v. U.S., 409 U.S. 151, 161, 162 (1972).
Fourco Glass Co. v. Transmirra Products Corp., 353 U.S.
222, 227, 228 (1957).
United States v. Sischo, 262 U.S. 165, 168 (1923).
United States v. Ryder, 110 U.S. 729, 740 (1884).
McDonald v. Hovey, 110 U.S. 619, 628-630 (1884).
Smythe v. Fiske, 23 Wall. 374, 382 (1874).
Stewart v. Kahn, 11 Wall. 493, 502 (1871).
Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Co. v. United States,
617 F. 2d 485, 488-491 (7th Cir. 1980).
Trailer Marine Transport Corp. v. Federal Maritime
Commission, 602 F. 2d 379, 383 nt. 18, 387-389 (D.C. Cir.
1979).
Sutherland, Statutory Construction, Sec. Sec. 28.10, 28.11
(6th ed. 2002).
Disposition Table
The table below shows a disposition for each section of the
United States Code affected by the bill. In addition, with
respect to provisions of law set out as notes in the United
States Code, the table shows a disposition for each provision
repealed by the bill.
Where the disposition column shows a title 51 citation, it
means the provision of law classified to the former United
States Code section is being restated and reenacted as part of
title 51 by section 3 of the bill. The provision is also
included in the Schedule of Laws Repealed in section 6 of the
bill.
Where the disposition column shows ``Repealed ...'', it
means the provision of law classified to the former United
States Code section (or note) is being repealed by section 6 of
the bill, without being restated and reenacted as part of title
51.
Where the disposition column shows ``Not repealed but
omitted from text of title 51'', it means the provision of law
classified to the former United States Code section is not
being repealed, or restated and reenacted as part of title 51,
by the bill. After enactment of the bill, the Law Revision
Counsel of the United States House of Representatives will
determine whether the provision is to be editorially eliminated
from the United States Code or reclassified to a new section or
note. In any case, the provision will remain in force.
Disposition Table
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Former United States Code Section
(title 41 unless otherwise specified) deg. Disposition
------------------------------------------------------------------------
15 U.S.C. 5601............................ 51 U.S.C. 1101
15 U.S.C. 5601 note (Public Law 102-555, Repealed as unnecessary.
Sec. 1). Provided a short title for
Public Law 102-555.
15 U.S.C. 5602............................ 51 U.S.C. 1102
15 U.S.C. 5611............................ 51 U.S.C. 1111
15 U.S.C. 5612............................ 51 U.S.C. 1112
15 U.S.C. 5613............................ Repealed as obsolete.
Required the Landsat
Program Management, within
30 days after October 28,
1992, to enter into
negotiations with the
Landsat 6 contractor with
respect to unenhanced data
for which the Landsat 6
contractor had
responsibility under its
contract. In the event such
negotiations had not, by
September 30, 1993,
resulted in an agreement
meeting certain specified
goals, the Administrator of
the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration
and the Secretary of
Defense were jointly
required to certify and
report their determination
of that fact to Congress,
with a review of options,
projected costs, and
recommendations for
achieving the specified
goals.
15 U.S.C. 5614............................ 51 U.S.C. 1113
15 U.S.C. 5615(a), (b).................... 51 U.S.C. 1114
15 U.S.C. 5615(c)......................... Repealed as obsolete.
Required the Landsat
Program Management to
develop and submit to
Congress, not later than
July 15, 1994, a report
containing a Landsat 7 Data
Policy Plan.
15 U.S.C. 5615(d)......................... Repealed as obsolete.
Required the Landsat
Program Management to
submit reports to Congress
providing justification for
certain aspects of the
Landsat 7 data policy. The
first such report was
required to be submitted
not later than 12 months
after submission of the
Landsat 7 Data Policy Plan
required by 15 U.S.C.
5615(c). Thereafter, the
reports were required to be
submitted annually until
the launch of Landsat 7,
which occurred on April 15,
1999.
15 U.S.C. 5621............................ 51 U.S.C. 1121
15 U.S.C. 5622............................ 51 U.S.C. 1122
15 U.S.C. 5623............................ 51 U.S.C. 1123
15 U.S.C. 5624............................ 51 U.S.C. 1124
15 U.S.C. 5625............................ 51 U.S.C. 1125
15 U.S.C. 5631............................ 51 U.S.C. 1131
15 U.S.C. 5632............................ 51 U.S.C. 1132
15 U.S.C. 5633(a) to (e).................. 51 U.S.C. 1133
15 U.S.C. 5633(f)......................... Repealed as obsolete.
Required the President to
assess the progress of the
technology demonstration
program under 15 U.S.C.
5633 and submit a report to
Congress within 2 years
after October 28, 1992.
15 U.S.C. 5641............................ Not repealed but omitted
from text of title 51.
Provides that if a
successor land remote
sensing system to Landsat 7
can be funded and managed
by the private sector while
still achieving certain
goals and without
jeopardizing the domestic,
national security, and
foreign policy interests of
the United States,
preference should be given
to the development of such
a system by the private
sector without competition
from the United States
Government.
15 U.S.C. 5651............................ 51 U.S.C. 1141
15 U.S.C. 5652............................ 51 U.S.C. 1142
15 U.S.C. 5653............................ 51 U.S.C. 1143
15 U.S.C. 5654............................ 51 U.S.C. 1144
15 U.S.C. 5655............................ 51 U.S.C. 1145
15 U.S.C. 5656............................ 51 U.S.C. 1146
15 U.S.C. 5657............................ 51 U.S.C. 1147
15 U.S.C. 5658............................ 51 U.S.C. 1148
15 U.S.C. 5671............................ 51 U.S.C. 1161
15 U.S.C. 5672............................ 51 U.S.C. 1162
15 U.S.C. 5801............................ 51 U.S.C. 1701
15 U.S.C. 5802............................ 51 U.S.C. 1702
15 U.S.C. 5803(a) to (c).................. 51 U.S.C. 1703
15 U.S.C. 5803(d)......................... Repealed as obsolete.
Required the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration to
conduct an ongoing review
of the program established
under 15 U.S.C. 5803 and
report the results of the
review to Congress not
later than January 31,
1995.
15 U.S.C. 5804............................ Previously repealed.
15 U.S.C. 5805............................ Repealed as obsolete.
Required the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration
and the Secretary of
Defense, as appropriate, in
coordination with the
Secretary of
Transportation, to conduct
an inventory and identify
all launch support
facilities owned by the
United States Government.
To the extent practicable,
the Administrator and the
Secretary of Defense were
also required to identify
launch support facilities
which could be made
available for use by non-
Federal entities on a
reimbursable basis without
interfering with Federal
activities. Not later than
one year after November 4,
1992, the Administrator and
the Secretary of Defense
were each required to
submit a report to
Congress.
15 U.S.C. 5806............................ 51 U.S.C. 1704
15 U.S.C. 5807............................ 51 U.S.C. 1705
15 U.S.C. 5808............................ 51 U.S.C. 170642
U.S.C. --- deg.
42 U.S.C. 2451............................ 51 U.S.C. 302
42 U.S.C. 2451 note (Public Law 85-568, Repealed as unnecessary.
Sec. 101). Provided that Public Law 85-
568 may be cited as the
``National Aeronautics and
Space Act of 1958''. The
Act is restated generally
as chapter 3 of title 51.
Section 301 of title 51
provides that chapter 3 of
title 51 may be cited as
the ``National Aeronautics
and Space Act''.
42 U.S.C. 2452............................ 51 U.S.C. 303
42 U.S.C. 2453............................ Repealed as obsolete.
Provided that the
President, for a period of
four years after July 29,
1958, was authorized to
transfer to the National
Aeronautics and Space
Administration the
functions of other Federal
agencies that related
primarily to the prescribed
functions of the
Administration.
42 U.S.C. 2454............................ 51 U.S.C. 331
42 U.S.C. 2455(a)......................... 51 U.S.C. 332
42 U.S.C. 2455(b)......................... Not repealed but omitted
from text of title 51.
Provides that the Atomic
Energy Commission may
authorize its employees to
permit any member, officer,
or employee of the National
Aeronautics and Space
Council (and certain
others) to have access to
Restricted Data (see
definition in 42 U.S.C.
2014) under certain
circumstances. The Atomic
Energy Commission was
abolished and its functions
were transferred by 42
U.S.C. 5814 and 5841. The
National Aeronautics and
Space Council (which was
established under section
201(a) of the National
Aeronautics and Space Act
of 1958 (Public Law 85-568,
72 Stat. 427)), including
the office of Executive
Secretary of the Council,
together with its
functions, was abolished by
section 3(a)(4) of Reorg.
Plan No. 1 of 1973 (eff.
July 1, 1973, 87 Stat.
1089).
42 U.S.C. 2456............................ 51 U.S.C. 333
42 U.S.C. 2456a........................... 51 U.S.C. 334
42 U.S.C. 2457............................ 51 U.S.C. 335
42 U.S.C. 2458............................ 51 U.S.C. 336
42 U.S.C. 2458a........................... 51 U.S.C. 337
42 U.S.C. 2458b........................... 51 U.S.C. 338
42 U.S.C. 2458c........................... 51 U.S.C. 339
42 U.S.C. 2459............................ 51 U.S.C. 340
42 U.S.C. 2459a........................... Not repealed but omitted
from text of title 51.
Provides that certain
appropriations authorized
under the National
Aeronautics and Space
Administration
Authorization Act, Fiscal
Year 1993 (Public Law 102-
588), may remain available
until expended and that
certain contracts may be
entered into and certain
costs provided during the
fiscal year following the
fiscal year in which funds
are appropriated.
42 U.S.C. 2459b........................... 51 U.S.C. 341
42 U.S.C. 2459c........................... 51 U.S.C. 342
42 U.S.C. 2459d........................... 51 U.S.C. 511
42 U.S.C. 2459e........................... 51 U.S.C. 512
42 U.S.C. 2459f........................... 51 U.S.C. 343
42 U.S.C. 2459g........................... 51 U.S.C. 531
42 U.S.C. 2459h........................... 51 U.S.C. 532(b)
42 U.S.C. 2459i........................... 51 U.S.C. 502
42 U.S.C. 2459j........................... 51 U.S.C. 344
42 U.S.C. 2460............................ 51 U.S.C. 501
42 U.S.C. 2461............................ 51 U.S.C. 541
42 U.S.C. 2462............................ Previously repealed.
42 U.S.C. 2463............................ 51 U.S.C. 513
42 U.S.C. 2464............................ 51 U.S.C. 551
42 U.S.C. 2464a........................... 51 U.S.C. 552
42 U.S.C. 2465............................ Previously repealed.
42 U.S.C. 2465a(a)........................ 51 U.S.C. 553(a)
42 U.S.C. 2465a(b)........................ Repealed as obsolete.
Required the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration,
within six months after
November 16, 1990, to
submit a report to Congress
setting forth a plan to
implement the policy
described in subsection
(a)(1).
42 U.S.C. 2465a(c)........................ 51 U.S.C. 553(b)
42 U.S.C. 2465a(d)........................ 51 U.S.C. 553(c)
42 U.S.C. 2465b........................... Previously repealed.
42 U.S.C. 2465c........................... 51 U.S.C. 554(a)
42 U.S.C. 2465d........................... Previously repealed.
42 U.S.C. 2465e........................... Previously repealed.
42 U.S.C. 2465f........................... 51 U.S.C. 554(b)
42 U.S.C. 2466............................ 51 U.S.C. 561
42 U.S.C. 2466a........................... 51 U.S.C. 562
42 U.S.C. 2466b........................... 51 U.S.C. 563
42 U.S.C. 2466c........................... 51 U.S.C. 564
42 U.S.C. 2467............................ 51 U.S.C. 571
42 U.S.C. 2467a........................... 51 U.S.C. 572
42 U.S.C. 2467b........................... 51 U.S.C. 573
42 U.S.C. 2471 (prior).................... Repealed as obsolete.
Section 201 of the National
Aeronautics and Space Act
of 1958 (Public Law 85-
568), which was classified
to prior 42 U.S.C. 2471,
established the National
Aeronautics and Space
Council. The provision is
obsolete because section
3(a)(4) of Reorg. Plan No.
1 of 1973, 38 F.R. 9579, 87
Stat. 1089, set out in the
Appendix to Title 5,
Government Organization and
Employees, abolished the
National Aeronautics and
Space Council, including
the office of Executive
Secretary of the Council,
together with its
functions, effective July
1, 1973.
42 U.S.C. 2471............................ Not repealed but omitted
from text of title 51.
Provides for establishment
of the National Space
Council. The National Space
Council has not functioned
or been staffed since 1993.
42 U.S.C. 2471a........................... Not repealed but omitted
from text of title 51.
Provides that the National
Space Council (see item for
42 U.S.C. 2471 in this
table) shall establish a
Users' Advisory Group.
42 U.S.C. 2472............................ 51 U.S.C. 311
42 U.S.C. 2473(a), (b).................... 51 U.S.C. 312
42 U.S.C. 2473(c)......................... 51 U.S.C. 313
42 U.S.C. 2473a........................... Previously repealed.
42 U.S.C. 2473b (1st par.)................ 51 U.S.C. 514
42 U.S.C. 2473b (last par.)............... Repealed as obsolete.
Required the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration to
submit within one year from
November 9, 1989, a plan
describing the process to
be followed to achieve the
goal under the first
paragraph of 42 U.S.C.
2473b.
42 U.S.C. 2473c(a)........................ Repealed as unnecessary.
Provided a short title for
section 21 of Public Law
102-195 (42 U.S.C. 2473c).
42 U.S.C. 2473c(b) to (h)................. 51 U.S.C. 581
42 U.S.C. 2473d........................... 51 U.S.C. 533
42 U.S.C. 2473e........................... 51 U.S.C. 574
42 U.S.C. 2474............................ Repealed as obsolete.
Established the Civilian-
Military Liaison Committee.
The Committee was abolished
and its functions, together
with the functions of its
chairman and other
officers, were transferred
to the President of the
United States by sections
1(e) and 3(a) of Reorg.
Plan No. 4 of 1965,
effective July 27, 1965, 30
F.R. 9353, 79 Stat. 1321,
set out in the Appendix to
Title 5, Government
Organization and Employees.
42 U.S.C. 2475............................ 51 U.S.C. 314
42 U.S.C. 2475a........................... 51 U.S.C. 591
42 U.S.C. 2475b........................... 51 U.S.C. 515
42 U.S.C. 2476............................ 51 U.S.C. 315
42 U.S.C. 2476a........................... 51 U.S.C. 316
42 U.S.C. 2476b........................... Repealed as obsolete.
Authorized the
Administrator of the
National Aeronautics and
Space Administration to
accept gifts and donations
of services, money, and
property to be used for
construction of a space
shuttle orbiter. The
authority of the
Administrator to accept
gifts or donations
terminated five years after
October 30, 1987.
42 U.S.C. 2477............................ 51 U.S.C. 582
42 U.S.C. 2481............................ 51 U.S.C. 361
42 U.S.C. 2482............................ 51 U.S.C. 362
42 U.S.C. 2483............................ 51 U.S.C. 363
42 U.S.C. 2484............................ 51 U.S.C. 364
42 U.S.C. 2486............................ 51 U.S.C. 701
42 U.S.C. 2486 note (Public Law 100-147, Repealed as unnecessary.
Sec. 201). Provided a short title for
title II of Public Law 100-
147.
42 U.S.C. 2486a........................... 51 U.S.C. 702
42 U.S.C. 2486b........................... 51 U.S.C. 703
42 U.S.C. 2486c........................... 51 U.S.C. 704
42 U.S.C. 2486d........................... 51 U.S.C. 705
42 U.S.C. 2486e........................... 51 U.S.C. 706
42 U.S.C. 2486f........................... 51 U.S.C. 707
42 U.S.C. 2486g........................... 51 U.S.C. 708
42 U.S.C. 2486h........................... 51 U.S.C. 709
42 U.S.C. 2486i........................... 51 U.S.C. 710
42 U.S.C. 2486j........................... Previously repealed.
42 U.S.C. 2486k........................... 51 U.S.C. 711
42 U.S.C. 2486l .......................... Repealed as obsolete.
Authorized appropriations
for fiscal years 1988,
1989, 1990, and 1991.
42 U.S.C. 2487............................ 51 U.S.C. 901
42 U.S.C. 2487a........................... 51 U.S.C. 902
42 U.S.C. 2487b........................... 51 U.S.C. 903
42 U.S.C. 2487c........................... 51 U.S.C. 904
42 U.S.C. 2487d........................... Previously repealed.
42 U.S.C. 2487e........................... 51 U.S.C. 905
42 U.S.C. 2487f........................... 51 U.S.C. 906
42 U.S.C. 2487g........................... Repealed as obsolete.
Provided that the
Administrator of the
National Aeronautics and
Space Administration should
ensure that up to
$3,750,000 from the
appropriations authorized
for ``Research and
Development'' for fiscal
year 1993 were also used to
carry out title VI of
Public Law 102-588.
42 U.S.C. 14701........................... 51 U.S.C. 1301
42 U.S.C. 14701 note (Public Law 105-303, Repealed as unnecessary.
Sec. 1(a)). Provided a short title for
Public Law 105-303.
42 U.S.C. 14701 note (Public Law 107-248, Repealed as unnecessary.
Sec. 901). Provided a short title for
title IX of Public Law 107-
248.
42 U.S.C. 14711(a)........................ 51 U.S.C. 1311
42 U.S.C. 14711(b)........................ Repealed as obsolete.
Required the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration to
deliver various studies and
reports to Congress. The
last report was required to
be delivered no later than
the submission of the
President's annual budget
request for fiscal year
2000.
42 U.S.C. 14712........................... 51 U.S.C. 1312
42 U.S.C. 14713........................... 51 U.S.C. 1313
42 U.S.C. 14714........................... 51 U.S.C. 1314
42 U.S.C. 14715(a)........................ 51 U.S.C. 1315(a)
42 U.S.C. 14715(b)........................ 51 U.S.C. 1315(b)
42 U.S.C. 14715(c)........................ Repealed as obsolete.
Required the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration to
conduct a study to
determine the extent to
which the baseline
scientific requirements of
Earth Science can be met by
commercial providers. The
results of the study were
required to be transmitted
to Congress within six
months after October 28,
1998.
42 U.S.C. 14715(d)........................ 51 U.S.C. 1315(c)
42 U.S.C. 14715(e)........................ 51 U.S.C. 1315(d)
42 U.S.C. 14731........................... 51 U.S.C. 1331
42 U.S.C. 14732........................... 51 U.S.C. 1332
42 U.S.C. 14733(a)........................ 51 U.S.C. 1333
42 U.S.C. 14733(b), (c)................... Repealed as obsolete.
Subsection (b) required the
Administrator of the
National Aeronautics and
Space Administration to
conduct a study of the
feasibility of implementing
the recommendation of the
Independent Shuttle
Management Review Team that
the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration
transition toward the
privatization of the Space
Shuttle. Subsection (c)
required that, within 60
days after October 28,
1998, the National
Aeronautics and Space
Administration complete the
study and submit a report
to the Committee on
Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the
Senate and the Committee on
Science of the House of
Representatives.
42 U.S.C. 14734........................... 51 U.S.C. 1334
42 U.S.C. 14735........................... 51 U.S.C. 1335
42 U.S.C. 14751........................... 51 U.S.C. 1501
42 U.S.C. 14752........................... 51 U.S.C. 1503
42 U.S.C. 14753........................... 51 U.S.C. 1502
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Section-by-Section Explanation
SECTION 1--TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section 1 of the bill provides a table of contents for the
Act.
SECTION 2--PURPOSE; CONFORMITY WITH ORIGINAL INTENT
Section 2(a) of the bill provides that the purpose is to
codify certain existing laws related to national and commercial
space programs as a positive law title of the United States
Code.
Section 2(b) of the bill provides a statement of intent
with respect to the codification of existing law (see
``Conformity With Original Intent'' above).
SECTION 3--ENACTMENT OF TITLE 51, UNITED STATES CODE
Section 3 of the bill enacts title 51, United States Code.
For each section of title 51, the source provision citations,
along with any revision notes, are set out below.
TITLE 51--NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS
Chapter Sec.
Definitions....................................................101
National Aeronautics and Space Program.........................301
Adjunct National Space Program Provisions......................501
National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program............701
Biomedical Research in Space...................................901
Land Remote Sensing Policy....................................1101
Space Commerce................................................1301
Commercial Reusable In-Space Transportation...................1501
Commercial Space Competitiveness..............................1701
CHAPTER 1--DEFINITIONS
Sec.
101. Definitions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
101................... (no source) .................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Title-wide definitions for the terms ``Administration'' and
``Administrator'' are added for clarity and convenience.
chapter 3 deg.
CHAPTER 3--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE PROGRAM
SUBCHAPTER I--SHORT TITLE, DECLARATION OF POLICY, AND DEFINITIONS
Sec.
301. Short title.
302. Congressional declaration of policy and purpose.
303. Definitions.
SUBCHAPTER II--COORDINATION OF AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE ACTIVITIES
311. National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
312. Functions of the Administration.
313. Powers of the Administration in performance of functions.
314. International cooperation.
315. Reports to Congress.
316. Disposal of excess land.
SUBCHAPTER III--GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS
331. Public access to information.
332. Security requirements.
333. Permission to carry firearms.
334. Arrest authority.
335. Property rights in inventions.
336. Contributions awards.
337. Malpractice and negligence suits against United States.
338. Insurance and indemnification.
339. Insurance for experimental aerospace vehicles.
340. Appropriations.
341. Misuse of agency name and initials.
342. Contracts regarding expendable launch vehicles.
343. Full cost appropriations account structure.
344. Enhanced-use lease of real property demonstration.
SUBCHAPTER IV--UPPER ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH
361. Congressional declaration of purpose and policy.
362. Definition of upper atmosphere.
363. Program authorized.
364. International cooperation.
SUBCHAPTER I--SHORT TITLE, DECLARATION OF POLICY, AND DEFINITIONS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
301................... (no source) .................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chapter 3 of title 51 restates the National Aeronautics and
Space Act of 1958. Although short titles are generally
eliminated as unnecessary in positive law titles of the United
States Code, in this case it was suggested that the short title
``National Aeronautics and Space Act'' be provided for
convenience.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
302................... 42 U.S.C. 2451. Pub. L. 85-568,
title I, Sec.
102, July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
426; Pub. L. 94-
413, Sec.
15(a), (b),
Sept. 17, 1976,
90 Stat. 1270;
Pub. L. 95-238,
title III, Sec.
311, Feb. 25,
1978, 92 Stat.
83; Pub. L. 95-
401, Sec. 7,
Sept. 30, 1978,
92 Stat. 860;
Pub. L. 98-361,
title I, Sec.
110, July 16,
1984, 98 Stat.
426; Pub. L. 100-
685, title II,
Sec. 214, Nov.
17, 1988, 102
Stat. 4093; Pub.
L. 106-391,
title III, Sec.
302(a), Oct. 30,
2000, 114 Stat.
1591.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``in conformity with section
201(e)'', which appeared at the end of subsection (b), are
omitted as obsolete. Section 201 of Public Law 85-568, as
amended, which was classified to former section 2471 of title
42 (last appearing in the 1970 edition of the Code),
established the National Aeronautics and Space Council, with
the functions of the Council specified in section 201(e). Those
functions included advising the President ``as he may request''
with respect to promoting cooperation and resolving differences
among agencies of the United States engaged in aeronautical and
space activities. The words are obsolete because section
3(a)(4) of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1973, set out in the
Appendix to title 5, abolished the National Aeronautics and
Space Council, including the office of Executive Secretary of
the Council, together with its functions.
In subsection (c), the words ``(as established by title II
of this Act)'', which appeared after ``Administration'', are
omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (d), the word ``and'', appearing at the end
of paragraph (8), is omitted as unnecessary because of the
introductory words ``one or more of the following''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
303................... 42 U.S.C. 2452. Pub. L. 85-568,
title I, Sec.
103, July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
427; Pub. L. 98-
52, title I,
Sec. 108, July
15, 1983, 97
Stat. 285.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In paragraph (1)(A), the word ``Earth's'' is capitalized
for consistency in title 51.
SUBCHAPTER II--COORDINATION OF AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE ACTIVITIES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
311................... 42 U.S.C. 2472. Pub. L. 85-568,
title II, Sec.
202, July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
429; Pub. L. 88-
426, title III,
Sec. 305(12),
Aug. 14, 1964,
78 Stat. 423.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
312................... 42 U.S.C. 2473(a), (b). Pub. L. 85-568,
title II, Sec.
203(a), (b),
July 29, 1958,
72 Stat. 429;
Pub. L. 93-409,
Sec. 4, Sept.
3, 1974, 88
Stat. 1070; Pub.
L. 94-413, Sec.
15(c), Sept. 17,
1976, 90 Stat.
1270; Pub. L. 95-
401, Sec. 6,
Sept. 30, 1978,
92 Stat. 860;
Pub. L. 101-611,
title I, Sec.
107, Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
3197.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
313................... 42 U.S.C. 2473(c). Pub. L. 85-568,
title II, Sec.
203(c), formerly
Sec. 203(b),
July 29, 1958,
72 Stat. 429;
Pub. L. 86-20,
May 13, 1959, 73
Stat. 21; Pub.
L. 86-481, Sec.
5, June 1, 1960,
74 Stat. 153;
Pub. L. 87-367,
title II, Sec.
206(a), Oct. 4,
1961, 75 Stat.
791; Pub. L. 87-
584, Sec. 6,
Aug. 14, 1962,
76 Stat. 384;
Pub. L. 87-793,
Sec. 1001(f),
Oct. 11, 1962,
76 Stat. 864;
Pub. L. 88-426,
title III, Sec.
306(d), Aug. 14,
1964, 78 Stat.
429; Pub. L. 88-
448, title IV,
Sec. 402(a)(34)
, Aug. 10, 1964,
78 Stat. 495;
Pub. L. 91-646,
title II, Sec.
220(a)(2), Jan.
2, 1971, 84
Stat. 1903; Pub.
L. 93-74, Sec.
6, July 23,
1973, 87 Stat.
174; Pub. L. 93-
316, Sec. 6,
June 22, 1974,
88 Stat. 243;
renumbered Sec.
203(c), Pub. L.
93-409, Sec. 4,
Sept. 3, 1974,
88 Stat. 1070;
Pub. L. 96-48,
Sec. 6(a), Aug.
8, 1979, 93
Stat. 348; Pub.
L. 108-201, Sec.
2(a), Feb. 24,
2004, 118 Stat.
461.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the
words ``chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title
5'' are substituted for ``the Classification Act of 1949, as
amended'' on authority of section 7(b) of Public Law 89-554 (80
Stat. 631), the first section of which enacted Title 5,
Government Organization and Employees.
In subsection (c)(2), the words ``section 8141 of title
40'' are substituted for ``the Act of March 3, 1877 (40 U.S.C.
34)'' on authority of section 5(c) of Public Law 107-217 (116
Stat. 1303), the first section of which enacted Title 40,
Public Buildings, Property, and Works.
In subsection (c)(4), the words ``in accordance with the
provisions of chapters 1 to 11 of title 40 and in accordance
with title III of the Federal Property and Administrative
Services Act of 1949 (41 U.S.C. 251 et seq.)'' are substituted
for ``in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Property
and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as amended (40 U.S.C.
471 et seq.)'' on authority of section 5(c) of Public Law 107-
217 (116 Stat. 1303), the first section of which enacted Title
40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works.
In subsection (e), the words ``subsections (a) and (b) of
section 3324 of title 31'' are substituted for ``section 3648
of the Revised Statutes, as amended (31 U.S.C. 529)'' on
authority of section 4(b) of Public Law 97-258 (96 Stat. 1067),
the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.
In subsection (i), the words ``maximum rate payable under
section 5376 of title 5'' are substituted for ``rate for GS-
18'' because of section 101(c) of the Federal Employees Pay
Comparability Act of 1990 (enacted by Sec. 529 of Public Law
101-509, 5 U.S.C. 5376 note).
In subsection (k)(1), the words ``section 1302 of title
40'' are substituted for ``section 321 of the Act of June 30,
1932 (47 Stat. 412; 40 U.S.C. 303b)'' on authority of section
5(c) of Public Law 107-217 (116 Stat. 1303), the first section
of which enacted Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and
Works.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
314................... 42 U.S.C. 2475. Pub. L. 85-568,
title II, Sec.
205, July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
432.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
315................... 42 U.S.C. 2476. Pub. L. 85-568,
title II, Sec.
206, July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
432; Pub. L. 92-
68, Sec. 7,
Aug. 6, 1971, 85
Stat. 177; Pub.
L. 106-391,
title III, Sec.
302(b), Oct. 30,
2000, 114 Stat.
1591.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (a)(2) and (b), the words ``section 102(c)
of this Act'', which appear in section 206 of Public Law 85-568
(72 Stat. 432), are treated as referring to section 102(d),
rather than section 102(c), of Public Law 85-568 because of the
redesignation done by section 110(a)(2) of the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, 1985
(Public Law 98-361, 98 Stat. 426). Section 102(d) of Public Law
85-568 is restated as section 302(d) of title 51.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
316................... 42 U.S.C. 2476a. Pub. L. 85-568,
title II, Sec.
207, as added
Pub. L. 93-74,
Sec. 7, July
23, 1973, 87
Stat. 175;
amended Pub. L.
103-437, Sec.
15(j), Nov. 2,
1994, 108 Stat.
4593.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In paragraph (1), the words ``Committee on Science'' are
substituted for ``Committee on Science, Space, and Technology''
because of section 1(a)(10) of Public Law 104-14 (109 Stat.
187).
SUBCHAPTER III--GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
331(a)................ 42 U.S.C. 2454(a) (words Pub. L. 85-568,
before proviso). title III, Sec.
303, July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
433; Pub. L. 102-
588, title V,
Sec. 509, Nov.
4, 1992, 106
Stat. 5129.
331(b)................ 42 U.S.C. 2454(b).
331(c)................ 42 U.S.C. 2454(a) (proviso).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
332................... 42 U.S.C. 2455(a). Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
304(a), July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
433; 1978 Reorg.
Plan No. 2, Sec.
102, eff. Jan.
1, 1979, 43 F.R.
36037, 92 Stat.
3783.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``Director of the Office of Personnel
Management'' are substituted for ``Civil Service Commission''
because of section 102 of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1978
(eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 92 Stat. 3783).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
333................... 42 U.S.C. 2456. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
304(e), July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
435.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
334................... 42 U.S.C. 2456a. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
304(f), as added
Pub. L. 100-685,
title II, Sec.
206, Nov. 17,
1988, 102 Stat.
4090.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
335................... 42 U.S.C. 2457. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
305, July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
435; Pub. L. 96-
517, Sec. 7(b),
Dec. 12, 1980,
94 Stat. 3027;
Pub. L. 97-96,
Sec. 7, Dec.
21, 1981, 95
Stat. 1210; Pub.
L. 97-164, title
I, Sec. 162(3),
Apr. 2, 1982, 96
Stat. 49; Pub.
L. 98-622, title
II, Sec.
205(c), Nov. 8,
1984, 98 Stat.
3388; Pub. L.
106-113, div. B,
Sec. 1000(a)(9)
[title IV, Sec.
4732(b)(20)],
Nov. 29, 1999,
113 Stat. 1536,
1501A-585.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
336(a)................ 42 U.S.C. 2458(a). Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
306, July 29,
1958, 72 Stat.
437.
336(b)................ 42 U.S.C. 2458(b) (1st
sentence).
336(c)................ 42 U.S.C. 2458(b) (par. (1)
of last sentence).
336(d)................ 42 U.S.C. 2458(b) (par. (2)
of last sentence).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (c) and (d), the words ``No award may be
made under subsection (a)'' are substituted for ``No award may
be made under subsection (a) with respect to any contribution''
for clarity and to eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
337................... 42 U.S.C. 2458a. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
307, as added
Pub. L. 94-464,
Sec. 3, Oct. 8,
1976, 90 Stat.
1988.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the word ``hereafter'' is omitted as
unnecessary.
In subsection (b), in the last sentence, commas are added
after ``brought'' and ``Attorney General'' for clarity.
In subsection (e), the words ``wrongful act or omission''
are substituted for ``wrongful act of omission'' to correct an
error in the law.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
338................... 42 U.S.C. 2458b. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
308, as added
Pub. L. 96-48,
Sec. 6(b)(2),
Aug. 8, 1979, 93
Stat. 348.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
339................... 42 U.S.C. 2458c. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
309, formerly
title III, as
added Pub. L.
106-74, title
IV, Sec.
435(a), Oct. 20,
1999, 113 Stat.
1097; designated
Sec. 309 and
amended Pub. L.
106-391, title
III, Sec.
324(a)(2), (b),
Oct. 30, 2000,
114 Stat. 1599,
1600.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (d)(3), the words ``without regard to the
date on which the Administration entered into the waiver'' are
substituted for ``without regard to whether it was entered into
before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act'' to
avoid an ambiguity in the law. Literally, the words ``the date
of enactment of this Act'' mean July 29, 1958, the date of
enactment of Public Law 85-568. However, the intended meaning
of the words ``the date of enactment of this Act'' is probably
October 20, 1999, the date of enactment of Public Law 106-74.
The question as to which date is actually intended is rendered
inconsequential by the words ``before, on, or after''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
340................... 42 U.S.C. 2459. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
310, formerly
Sec. 307, July
29, 1958, 72
Stat. 438; Pub.
L. 88-113, Sec.
6, Sept. 6,
1963, 77 Stat.
144; renumbered
Sec. 308, Pub.
L. 94-464, Sec.
3, Oct. 8, 1976,
90 Stat. 1988;
renumbered Sec.
309, Pub. L. 96-
48, Sec.
6(b)(1), Aug. 8,
1979, 93 Stat.
348; renumbered
Sec. 310, Pub.
L. 106-391,
title III, Sec.
324(a)(1), Oct.
30, 2000, 114
Stat. 1599.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
341................... 42 U.S.C. 2459b. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
311, formerly
Sec. 310, as
added Pub. L. 98-
52, title I,
Sec. 107, July
15, 1983, 97
Stat. 284;
renumbered Sec.
311, Pub. L. 106-
391, title III,
Sec. 324(a)(1),
Oct. 30, 2000,
114 Stat. 1599.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
342................... 42 U.S.C. 2459c. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
312, formerly
Sec. 311, as
added Pub. L.
100-147, title
I, Sec. 117,
Oct. 30, 1987,
101 Stat. 867;
renumbered Sec.
312, Pub. L. 106-
391, title III,
Sec. 324(a)(1),
Oct. 30, 2000,
114 Stat. 1599.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the word ``expendable'' is substituted
for ``expendabe'' to correct an error in the law.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
343................... 42 U.S.C. 2459f. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
313, formerly
Sec. 312, as
added Pub. L.
106-377, Sec.
1(a)(1) [title
IV, Sec. 431],
Oct. 27, 2000,
114 Stat. 1441,
1441A-56;
renumbered Sec.
313 and amended,
Pub. L. 108-199,
div. G, title
IV, Sec. 417,
Jan. 23, 2004,
118 Stat. 415;
Pub. L. 108-447,
div. I, title
IV, Sec. 417,
Dec. 8, 2004,
118 Stat. 3339.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``for fiscal year 2005 and
thereafter'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
344................... 42 U.S.C. 2459j. Pub. L. 85-568,
title III, Sec.
315, as added
Pub. L. 108-7,
div. K, title
IV, Sec. 418,
Feb. 20, 2003,
117 Stat. 525.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER IV--UPPER ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
361................... 42 U.S.C. 2481. Pub. L. 85-568,
title IV, Sec.
401, as added
Pub. L. 94-39,
Sec. 8, June
19, 1975, 89
Stat. 222.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
362................... 42 U.S.C. 2482. Pub. L. 85-568,
title IV, Sec.
402, as added
Pub. L. 94-39,
Sec. 8, June
19, 1975, 89
Stat. 222.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
363................... 42 U.S.C. 2483. Pub. L. 85-568,
title IV, Sec.
403, as added
Pub. L. 94-39,
Sec. 8, June
19, 1975, 89
Stat. 222.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
364................... 42 U.S.C. 2484. Pub. L. 85-568,
title IV, Sec.
404, as added
Pub. L. 94-39,
Sec. 8, June
19, 1975, 89
Stat. 223.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
chapter 5 deg.
CHAPTER 5--ADJUNCT NATIONAL SPACE PROGRAM PROVISIONS
SUBCHAPTER I--APPROPRIATIONS AND FUNDS
Sec.
501. Prior authorization of appropriations required.
502. Working capital fund.
SUBCHAPTER II--CONTRACT AND LEASE AUTHORITY
511. Guaranteed customer base.
512. Quality assurance personnel.
513. Tracking and data relay satellite services.
514. Award of contracts to small businesses and disadvantaged
individuals.
515. Foreign contract limitation.
SUBCHAPTER III--COST EFFECTIVENESS
531. Requirement for independent cost analysis.
532. Cost effectiveness calculations.
533. Use of abandoned and underutilized buildings, grounds, and
facilities.
SUBCHAPTER IV--AWARDS
541. Congressional Space Medal of Honor.
SUBCHAPTER V--USE OF SPACE SHUTTLE OR ALTERNATIVES
551. Recovery of fair value of placing Department of Defense payloads
in orbit with space shuttle.
552. Payloads launched on Titan II launch vehicles.
553. Space shuttle use policy.
554. Commercial payloads on space shuttle.
SUBCHAPTER VI--SHUTTLE PRICING POLICY FOR COMMERCIAL AND FOREIGN USERS
561. Congressional findings and declarations.
562. Purpose, policy, and goals.
563. Definition of additive cost.
564. Duties of Administrator.
SUBCHAPTER VII--EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
571. Science, Space, and Technology Education Trust Fund.
572. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Endeavor Teacher
Fellowship Trust Fund.
573. Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research--merit
grant competition requirements.
574. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Science and
Technology Scholarship Program.
SUBCHAPTER VIII--SAFETY
581. Drug and alcohol testing.
582. Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel.
SUBCHAPTER IX--COMPETITIVENESS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
591. Competitiveness and international cooperation.
SUBCHAPTER I--APPROPRIATIONS AND FUNDS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
501................... 42 U.S.C. 2460. Pub. L. 86-45,
Sec. 4, June
15, 1959, 73
Stat. 75.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The word ``hereafter'' is omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
502................... 42 U.S.C. 2459i. Pub. L. 108-7,
div. K, title
III, (4th par.
on p. 520), Feb.
20, 2003, 117
Stat. 520.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER II--CONTRACT AND LEASE AUTHORITY
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
511................... 42 U.S.C. 2459d. Pub. L. 102-139,
title III, (1st
par. under
heading
``Administrative
Provisions''),
Oct. 28, 1991,
105 Stat. 771.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``in this or any other Act with respect to any
fiscal year'' are omitted as unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
512................... 42 U.S.C. 2459e. Pub. L. 102-195,
Sec. 19, Dec.
9, 1991, 105
Stat. 1615.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the date ``December 9, 1991'' is
substituted for ``the date of enactment of this Act'' to
reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1992
(Public Law 102-195, 105 Stat. 1605).
In subsection (a), the words ``that has been submitted to
Congress as provided'' are substituted for ``described'' for
clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
513(a)................ 42 U.S.C. 2463 (1st par.). Pub. L. 95-76,
Sec. 6, July
30, 1977, 91
Stat. 315; Pub.
L. 103-437, Sec.
15(c)(3), Nov.
2, 1994, 108
Stat. 4592.
513(b)................ 42 U.S.C. 2463 (last par.).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``Committee on Science'' are
substituted for ``Committee on Science, Space, and Technology''
because of section 1(a)(10) of Public Law 104-14 (109 Stat.
187).
In subsection (b), the word ``hereafter'' is omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
514................... 42 U.S.C. 2473b (1st par.). Pub. L. 101-144,
title III, (last
par. beginning
on p. 863), Nov.
9, 1989, 103
Stat. 863.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
515................... 42 U.S.C. 2475b. Pub. L. 106-391,
title III, Sec.
305, Oct. 30,
2000, 114 Stat.
1592.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER III--COST EFFECTIVENESS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
531................... 42 U.S.C. 2459g. Pub. L. 106-391,
title III, Sec.
301, Oct. 30,
2000, 114 Stat.
1591.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), in the last sentence, the word
``experts'' is substituted for ``expertise'' for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
532(a)................ (no source) .................
532(b)................ 42 U.S.C. 2459h. Pub. L. 106-391,
title III, Sec.
304, Oct. 30,
2000, 114 Stat.
1592.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subsection (a) is added to carry forward the applicable
definition.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
533................... 42 U.S.C. 2473d. Pub. L. 106-391,
title III, Sec.
325, Oct. 30,
2000, 114 Stat.
1600.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER IV--AWARDS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
541(a)................ 42 U.S.C. 2461 (1st par.). Pub. L. 91-76,
Sec. 1, Sept.
29, 1969, 83
Stat. 124.
541(b)................ 42 U.S.C. 2461 (last par.). Pub. L. 91-76,
Sec. 2, Sept.
29, 1969, 83
Stat. 124.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER V--USE OF SPACE SHUTTLE OR ALTERNATIVES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
551................... 42 U.S.C. 2464. Pub. L. 97-324,
title I, Sec.
106(a), Oct. 15,
1982, 96 Stat.
1600.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
552................... 42 U.S.C. 2464a. Pub. L. 99-190,
Sec. 101(b)
[title VIII,
Sec. 8111],
Dec. 19, 1985,
99 Stat. 1185,
1222.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
553(a)................ 42 U.S.C. 2465a(a). Pub. L. 101-611,
title I, Sec.
112(a), (c),
(d), Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
3198, 3199.
553(b)................ 42 U.S.C. 2465a(c).
553(c)................ 42 U.S.C. 2465a(d).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
554(a)................ 42 U.S.C. 2465c. Pub. L. 101-611,
title II, Sec.
203, Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
3206; Pub. L.
105-303, title
II, Sec.
203(2), Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2855.
554(b)................ 42 U.S.C. 2465f. Pub. L. 101-611,
title II, Sec.
206, Nov. 16,
1990, 104 Stat.
3207; Pub. L.
105-303, title
II, Sec.
203(4), Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2855.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``this section'' are
substituted for ``this title'', meaning title II of Public Law
101-611, because title II of Public Law 101-611 was previously
repealed except for section 201 (a short title provision,
classified to 42 U.S.C. 2451 note, in which neither defined
term appears) and sections 203 (42 U.S.C. 2465c) and 206 (42
U.S.C. 2465f) of Public Law 101-611, which are restated in this
section.
SUBCHAPTER VI--SHUTTLE PRICING POLICY FOR COMMERCIAL AND FOREIGN USERS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
561................... 42 U.S.C. 2466. Pub. L. 99-170,
title II, Sec.
201, Dec. 5,
1985, 99 Stat.
1017.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
562................... 42 U.S.C. 2466a. Pub. L. 99-170,
title II, Sec.
202, Dec. 5,
1985, 99 Stat.
1017.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
563................... 42 U.S.C. 2466b. Pub. L. 99-170,
title II, Sec.
203, Dec. 5,
1985, 99 Stat.
1017.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The definition of ``Administrator'' in section 203(1) of
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization
Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-170, 99 Stat. 1017) is omitted as
unnecessary because of the definition added by section 101 of
title 51.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
564................... 42 U.S.C. 2466c. Pub. L. 99-170,
title II, Sec.
204, Dec. 5,
1985, 99 Stat.
1017; Pub. L.
103-437, Sec.
15(c)(5), Nov.
2, 1994, 108
Stat. 4592.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsections (b) and (c)(1), the words ``Committee on
Science'' are substituted for ``Committee on Science, Space,
and Technology'' because of section 1(a)(10) of Public Law 104-
14 (109 Stat. 187).
SUBCHAPTER VII--EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
571................... 42 U.S.C. 2467. Pub. L. 100-404,
title II, (par.
under heading
``Science,
Space, and
Technology
Education Trust
Fund''), Aug.
19, 1988, 102
Stat. 1028; Pub.
L. 103-327,
title III, Sept.
28, 1994, 108
Stat. 2328.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the first sentence, the words ``the Department of
Housing and Urban Development--Independent Agencies
Appropriations Act, 1989 (Public Law 100-404, 102 Stat. 1014)''
are substituted for ``this Act'' to clarify the reference.
In the second sentence, the words ``of the Treasury'' are
inserted after ``the Secretary'' for clarity.
In the sixth sentence, the word ``hereafter'', which
appeared after ``each calendar quarter'', is omitted as
unnecessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
572................... 42 U.S.C. 2467a. Pub. L. 102-195,
Sec. 20, Dec.
9, 1991, 105
Stat. 1615.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``The Trust Fund shall consist
of amounts'' are substituted for ``The Trust Fund shall consist
of gifts and donations accepted by the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration pursuant to section 208 of the National
Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2476b), as well as
other amounts'' because the Administration's authority to
accept gifts or donations under section 208 of the National
Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958, terminated 5 years after
October 30, 1987.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
573................... 42 U.S.C. 2467b. Pub. L. 102-588,
title III, Sec.
304, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5120.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
574................... 42 U.S.C. 2473e. Pub. L. 108-176,
title VII, Sec.
703, Dec. 12,
2003, 117 Stat.
2579.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER VIII--SAFETY
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
581................... 42 U.S.C. 2473c(b) to (h). Pub. L. 102-195,
Sec. 21(b) to
(h), Dec. 9,
1991, 105 Stat.
1616.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c)(2), the words ``within 18 months after
the date of enactment of this Act'' are omitted as obsolete.
In paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (d), and in
subsection (g)(2), the date ``December 9, 1991'' is substituted
for ``the date of enactment of this Act'' to reflect the date
of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1992 (Public Law
102-195, 105 Stat. 1605).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
582(a)................ 42 U.S.C. 2477 (1st, last Pub. L. 90-67,
sentences). Sec. 6, Aug.
21, 1967, 81
Stat. 170; Pub.
L. 94-307, Sec.
8, June 4, 1976,
90 Stat. 681;
Pub. L. 99-234,
title I, Sec.
107(f), Jan. 2,
1986, 99 Stat.
1759.
582(b)................ 42 U.S.C. 2477 (3d sentence).
582(c)................ 42 U.S.C. 2477 (2d sentence).
582(d)................ 42 U.S.C. 2477 (4th, 5th
sentences).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (d)(1)(B), the words ``maximum rate payable
under section 5376 of title 5'' are substituted for ``rate for
GS-18'' because of section 101(c) of the Federal Employees Pay
Comparability Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-509, 5 U.S.C. 5376
note).
SUBCHAPTER IX--COMPETITIVENESS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
591................... 42 U.S.C. 2475a. Pub. L. 106-391,
title I, Sec.
126, Oct. 30,
2000, 114 Stat.
1585.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2000 (Public Law
106-391, 114 Stat. 1578)'' are added to clarify the reference.
chapter 7 deg.
CHAPTER 7--NATIONAL SPACE GRANT COLLEGE AND FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM
Sec.
701. Congressional statement of findings.
702. Congressional statement of purposes.
703. Definitions.
704. National space grant college and fellowship program.
705. Grants or contracts.
706. Specific national needs.
707. Space grant college and space grant regional consortium.
708. Space grant fellowship program.
709. Space grant review panel.
710. Availability of other Federal personnel and data.
711. Designation or award to be on competitive basis.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
701................... 42 U.S.C. 2486. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
202, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
869.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
702................... 42 U.S.C. 2486a. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
203, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
869.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In paragraph (3), the word ``that'' is substituted for ``,
to'' for clarity.
In paragraph (4), the words ``in order to'' are substituted
for ``to'', and the words ``through such consortia'' are added,
for clarity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
703................... 42 U.S.C. 2486b. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
204, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
870.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The definitions of ``Administration'' and ``Administrator''
in section 204 of the National Space Grant College and
Fellowship Act (Public Law 100-147, title II, 101 Stat. 870)
are omitted as unnecessary because of the definitions added by
section 101 of title 51.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
704................... 42 U.S.C. 2486c. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
205, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
871.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
705................... 42 U.S.C. 2486d. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
206, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
872.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``not more than 66 percent''
are substituted for ``66 percent, or any lesser percent'', and
the word ``except'' is substituted for ``except that this
limitation shall not apply'', for clarity and to eliminate
unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words ``up to 100 percent'' are
substituted for ``100 percent, or any lesser percent'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
706................... 42 U.S.C. 2486e. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
207, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
873.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``up to 100 percent'' are
substituted for ``100 percent, or any lesser percent'' to
eliminate unnecessary words.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
707................... 42 U.S.C. 2486f. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
208, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
873.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
708................... 42 U.S.C. 2486g. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
209, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
874.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
709................... 42 U.S.C. 2486h. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
210, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
874.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the word ``provisions'' is substituted
for ``provisons'' to correct an error in the law.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
710................... 42 U.S.C. 2486i. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
211, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
875.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
711................... 42 U.S.C. 2486k. Pub. L. 100-147,
title II, Sec.
213, Oct. 30,
1987, 101 Stat.
875.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The date ``October 30, 1987'' is substituted for ``the date
of enactment of this Act'' to reflect the date of enactment of
the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Act, which is
title II of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Authorization Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-147, 101 Stat. 860).
chapter 9 deg.
CHAPTER 9--BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH IN SPACE
Sec.
901. Findings.
902. Biomedical research joint working group.
903. Biomedical research grants.
904. Biomedical research fellowships.
905. Establishment of electronic data archive.
906. Establishment of emergency medical service telemedicine
capability.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
901................... 42 U.S.C. 2487. Pub. L. 102-588,
title VI, Sec.
601, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5130.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
902................... 42 U.S.C. 2487a. Pub. L. 102-588,
title VI, Sec.
602, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5130.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
903................... 42 U.S.C. 2487b. Pub. L. 102-588,
title VI, Sec.
603, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5130.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
904................... 42 U.S.C. 2487c. Pub. L. 102-588,
title VI, Sec.
604, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
905................... 42 U.S.C. 2487e. Pub. L. 102-588,
title VI, Sec.
606, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
906................... 42 U.S.C. 2487f. Pub. L. 102-588,
title VI, Sec.
607, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5131.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The words ``Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance'' are
substituted for ``Office of Foreign Disaster'' to correct an
error in the law.
chap. 11 deg.
CHAPTER 11--LAND REMOTE SENSING POLICY
SUBCHAPTER I--FINDINGS AND DEFINITIONS
Sec.
1101. Findings.
1102. Definitions.
SUBCHAPTER II--LANDSAT
1111. Landsat Program Management.
1112. Procurement of Landsat 7.
1113. Transfer of Landsat 6 program responsibilities.
1114. Data policy for Landsat 7.
SUBCHAPTER III--LICENSING OF PRIVATE REMOTE SENSING SPACE SYSTEMS
1121. General licensing authority.
1122. Conditions for operation.
1123. Administrative authority of Secretary.
1124. Regulatory authority of Secretary.
1125. Agency activities.
SUBCHAPTER IV--RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION
1131. Continued Federal research and development.
1132. Availability of federally gathered unenhanced data.
1133. Technology demonstration program.
SUBCHAPTER V--GENERAL PROVISIONS
1141. Nondiscriminatory data availability.
1142. Archiving of data.
1143. Nonreproduction.
1144. Reimbursement for assistance.
1145. Acquisition of equipment.
1146. Radio frequency allocation.
1147. Consultation.
1148. Enforcement.
SUBCHAPTER VI--PROHIBITION OF COMMERCIALIZATION OF WEATHER SATELLITES
1161. Prohibition.
1162. Future considerations.
SUBCHAPTER I--FINDINGS AND DEFINITIONS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1101.................. 15 U.S.C. 5601. Pub. L. 102-555,
Sec. 2, Oct.
28, 1992, 106
Stat. 4163.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1102.................. 15 U.S.C. 5602. Pub. L. 102-555,
Sec. 3, Oct.
28, 1992, 106
Stat. 4164.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The definition of ``Administrator'' in section 3 of the
Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-555, 106
Stat. 4164) is omitted as unnecessary because of the definition
added by section 101 of title 51.
SUBCHAPTER II--LANDSAT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1111.................. 15 U.S.C. 5611. Pub. L. 102-555,
title I, Sec.
101, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4166.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1),
after the words ``funding expectations for the Landsat'', the
word ``program'' is set out without being capitalized to
correct an error in the law.
In subsection (c)(6), a reference to section 103 of the
Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5613) is
omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (e)(2), in the matter before subparagraph
(A), the word ``biennially'' is substituted for ``Within 1 year
after the date of the enactment of this Act and biennially
thereafter,'' to eliminate obsolete language.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1112.................. 15 U.S.C. 5612. Pub. L. 102-555,
title I, Sec.
102, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4168.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1113.................. 15 U.S.C. 5614. Pub. L. 102-555,
title I, Sec.
104, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4170.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1114.................. 15 U.S.C. 5615(a), (b). Pub. L. 102-555,
title I, Sec.
105(a), (b),
Oct. 28, 1992,
106 Stat. 4170.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER III--LICENSING OF PRIVATE REMOTE SENSING SPACE SYSTEMS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1121.................. 15 U.S.C. 5621. Pub. L. 102-555,
title II, Sec.
201, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4171; Pub. L.
105-303, title
I, Sec.
107(f)(1), Oct.
28, 1998, 112
Stat. 2854.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b)(2), the words ``within 6 months after the
date of the enactment of the Commercial Space Act of 1998'' are
omitted as obsolete.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1122.................. 15 U.S.C. 5622. Pub. L. 102-555,
title II, Sec.
202, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4172; Pub. L.
105-303, title
I, Sec.
107(f)(2), Oct.
28, 1998, 112
Stat. 2854.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c), in the matter before clause (1), the
words ``subsection (b)'' are substituted for ``paragraph (b)''
to correct an error in the law.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1123.................. 15 U.S.C. 5623. Pub. L. 102-555,
title II, Sec.
203, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4172.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), at the end of paragraph (2), a semicolon
is substituted for the period to correct an error in the law.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1124.................. 15 U.S.C. 5624. Pub. L. 102-555,
title II, Sec.
204, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4173.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1125.................. 15 U.S.C. 5625. Pub. L. 102-555,
title II, Sec.
205, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4173.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER IV--RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1131.................. 15 U.S.C. 5631. Pub. L. 102-555,
title III, Sec.
301, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4174.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1132.................. 15 U.S.C. 5632. Pub. L. 102-555,
title III, Sec.
302, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4174.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the word ``affect'' is substituted for
``effect'' to correct an error in the law.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1133.................. 15 U.S.C. 5633(a) to (e). Pub. L. 102-555,
title III, Sec.
303(a) to (e),
Oct. 28, 1992,
106 Stat. 4174.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a)(1), the date ``October 28, 1992'' is
substituted for ``the date of the enactment of this Act'' to
reflect the date of enactment of the Land Remote Sensing Policy
Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-555, 106 Stat. 4163). At the end of
paragraph (1), a semicolon is substituted for the period to
correct an error in the law.
SUBCHAPTER V--GENERAL PROVISIONS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1141.................. 15 U.S.C. 5651. Pub. L. 102-555,
title V, Sec.
501, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4176.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1142.................. 15 U.S.C. 5652. Pub. L. 102-555,
title V, Sec.
502, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4176.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), the words ``hereafter in this section''
are substituted for ``hereinafter'' for clarity.
In subsection (c), in the matter before paragraph (1), the
words ``of the Interior'' are substituted for ``of Interior''
to correct an error in the law.
In subsection (c)(1), the date ``October 28, 1992'' is
substituted for ``the date of enactment of this Act'' to
reflect the date of enactment of the Land Remote Sensing Policy
Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-555, 106 Stat. 4163).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1143.................. 15 U.S.C. 5653. Pub. L. 102-555,
title V, Sec.
503, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4177.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1144.................. 15 U.S.C. 5654. Pub. L. 102-555,
title V, Sec.
504, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4177.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1145.................. 15 U.S.C. 5655. Pub. L. 102-555,
title V, Sec.
505, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4177.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1146.................. 15 U.S.C. 5656. Pub. L. 102-555,
title V, Sec.
506, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4177.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1147.................. 15 U.S.C. 5657. Pub. L. 102-555,
title V, Sec.
507, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4178.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1148.................. 15 U.S.C. 5658. Pub. L. 102-555,
title V, Sec.
508, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4179.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (d), in the second sentence, the words ``have
been, or are being'' are substituted for ``has been, or is
being'' to correct an error in the law.
SUBCHAPTER VI--PROHIBITION OF COMMERCIALIZATION OF WEATHER SATELLITES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1161.................. 15 U.S.C. 5671. Pub. L. 102-555,
title VI, Sec.
601, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4179.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1162.................. 15 U.S.C. 5672. Pub. L. 102-555,
title VI, Sec.
602, Oct. 28,
1992, 106 Stat.
4180.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The date ``October 28, 1992'' is substituted for ``the
enactment of this Act'' to reflect the date of enactment of the
Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-555, 106
Stat. 4163).
chapt. 13 deg.
CHAPTER 13--SPACE COMMERCE
SUBCHAPTER I--DEFINITIONS
Sec.
1301. Definitions.
SUBCHAPTER II--PROMOTION OF COMMERCIAL SPACE OPPORTUNITIES
1311. Commercialization of Space Station.
1312. Promotion of United States Global Positioning System standards.
1313. Acquisition of space science data.
1314. Administration of commercial space centers.
1315. Sources of Earth Science data.
SUBCHAPTER III--FEDERAL ACQUISITION OF SPACE TRANSPORTATION SERVICES
1331. Requirement to procure commercial space transportation services.
1332. Acquisition of commercial space transportation services.
1333. Shuttle privatization.
1334. Use of excess intercontinental ballistic missiles.
1335. National launch capability study.
SUBCHAPTER I--DEFINITIONS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1301.................. 42 U.S.C. 14701. Pub. L. 105-303,
Sec. 2, Oct.
28, 1998, 112
Stat. 2843.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The definition of ``Administrator'' in section 2 of the
Commercial Space Act of 1998 (Public Law 105-303, 112 Stat.
2843) is omitted as unnecessary because of the definition added
by section 101 of title 51.
SUBCHAPTER II--PROMOTION OF COMMERCIAL SPACE OPPORTUNITIES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1311.................. 42 U.S.C. 14711(a). Pub. L. 105-303,
title I, Sec.
101(a), Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2845.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1312.................. 42 U.S.C. 14712. Pub. L. 105-303,
title I, Sec.
104, Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2852.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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1313.................. 42 U.S.C. 14713. Pub. L. 105-303,
title I, Sec.
105, Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2852.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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1314.................. 42 U.S.C. 14714. Pub. L. 105-303,
title I, Sec.
106, Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2853.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1315(a)............... 42 U.S.C. 14715(a). Pub. L. 105-303,
title I, Sec.
107(a), (b),
(d), (e), Oct.
28, 1998, 112
Stat. 2853,
2854.
1315(b)............... 42 U.S.C. 14715(b).
1315(c)............... 42 U.S.C. 14715(d).
1315(d)............... 42 U.S.C. 14715(e).
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SUBCHAPTER III--FEDERAL ACQUISITION OF SPACE TRANSPORTATION SERVICES
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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1331(a)............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(a). Pub. L. 105-303,
title II, Sec.
201, Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2854.
1331(b)............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(b) (less last
sentence).
1331(c)............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(b) (last
sentence).
1331(d)............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(c).
1331(e)............... 42 U.S.C. 14731(d).
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In subsection (d), the date ``October 28, 1998'' is
substituted for ``the date of the enactment of this Act'' and
for ``such date'' to reflect the date of enactment of the
Commercial Space Act of 1998 (Public Law 105-303, 112 Stat.
2843).
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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1332.................. 42 U.S.C. 14732. Pub. L. 105-303,
title II, Sec.
202, Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2855.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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1333.................. 42 U.S.C. 14733(a). Pub. L. 105-303,
title II, Sec.
204(a), Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2856.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
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1334.................. 42 U.S.C. 14734. Pub. L. 105-303,
title II, Sec.
205, Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2857; Pub. L.
106-65, div. A,
title X, Sec.
1067(21), Oct.
5, 1999, 113
Stat. 775.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1335.................. 42 U.S.C. 14735. Pub. L. 105-303,
title II, Sec.
206, Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2857.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (c)(1), in the matter before subparagraph
(A), the date ``October 28, 1998'' is substituted for ``the
date of enactment of this Act'' to reflect the date of
enactment of the Commercial Space Act of 1998 (Public Law 105-
303, 112 Stat. 2843).
In subsection (d), in the matter before paragraph (1), the
words ``report under subsection (c)'' are substituted for
``reports under subsection (c)'' because subsection (c)
provides for only one report.
chapt. 15 deg.
CHAPTER 15--COMMERCIAL REUSABLE IN-SPACE TRANSPORTATION
Sec.
1501. Findings.
1502. Definitions.
1503. Loan guarantees for production of commercial reusable in-space
transportation.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1501.................. 42 U.S.C. 14751. Pub. L. 107-248,
title IX, Sec.
902, Oct. 23,
2002, 116 Stat.
1573.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In paragraphs (5) and (6), the word ``Earth'' is
capitalized for consistency in title 51.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1502.................. 42 U.S.C. 14753. Pub. L. 107-248,
title IX, Sec.
904, Oct. 23,
2002, 116 Stat.
1576.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1503.................. 42 U.S.C. 14752. Pub. L. 107-248,
title IX, Sec.
903, Oct. 23,
2002, 116 Stat.
1574.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (f)(2), the word ``forbear'' is substituted
for ``forebear'' to correct an error in the law.
In subsection (g)(1), the words ``services or systems'' are
substituted for ``services or system'' to correct an error in
the law.
chapt. 17 deg.
CHAPTER 17--COMMERCIAL SPACE COMPETITIVENESS
Sec.
1701. Findings.
1702. Definitions.
1703. Launch voucher demonstration program.
1704. Anchor tenancy and termination liability.
1705. Use of Government facilities.
1706. Commercial Space Achievement Award.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1701.................. 15 U.S.C. 5801. Pub. L. 102-588,
title V, Sec.
501, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5122.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In paragraph (4), the words ``chapter 701 of title 49'' are
substituted for ``the Commercial Space Launch Act'' on
authority of section 6(b) of Public Law 103-272 (108 Stat.
1378), the first section of which enacted subtitles II, III,
and V to X of Title 49, Transportation.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1702.................. 15 U.S.C. 5802. Pub. L. 102-588,
title V, Sec.
502, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5123.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1703.................. 15 U.S.C. 5803(a) to (c). Pub. L. 102-588,
title V, Sec.
504(a) to (c),
Nov. 4, 1992,
106 Stat. 5124;
Pub. L. 105-303,
title I, Sec.
103, Oct. 28,
1998, 112 Stat.
2851.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (a), the words ``to become effective October
1, 1993'', which appeared at the end, are omitted as obsolete.
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1704.................. 15 U.S.C. 5806. Pub. L. 102-588,
title V, Sec.
507, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5127.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Source (Statutes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1705.................. 15 U.S.C. 5807. Pub. L. 102-588,
title V, Sec.
508, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5128.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) at Large)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1706.................. 15 U.S.C. 5808. Pub. L. 102-588,
title V, Sec.
510, Nov. 4,
1992, 106 Stat.
5129.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the
words ``The Secretary of Commerce shall periodically make
awards'' are substituted for ``The Secretary of Commerce shall
periodically make, and the Chairman of the National Space
Council shall present, awards'' to eliminate obsolete language.
The reference to the Chairman of the National Space Council is
obsolete because the National Space Council (established by
section 501 of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989 (Public Law
100-685, 102 Stat. 4102)) has not functioned or been staffed
since 1993.
SECTION 4--CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO OTHER LAWS
Section 4 of the bill makes conforming cross reference
amendments to positive law titles of the United States Code.
SECTION 5--TRANSITIONAL AND SAVINGS PROVISIONS
Section 5 of the bill contains transitional and savings
provisions.
SECTION 6--REPEALS
Section 6 of the bill repeals provisions replaced by the
bill, along with unnecessary and obsolete provisions (see
``Disposition Table'' above).