[Senate Report 109-279]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
Calendar No. 513
109th Congress Report
SENATE
2nd Session 109-279
======================================================================
APPALACHIAN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT ACT AMENDMENTS OF 2006
_______
July 12, 2006.--Ordered to be printed
_______
Mr. Inhofe, from the Committee on Environment and Public Works,
submitted the following
R E P O R T
[to accompany S. 2832]
[Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]
The Committee on Environment and Public Works, to which was
referred a bill (S. 2832) to reauthorize and improve the
program authorized by the Appalachian Regional Development Act
of 1965, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon
and recommends that the bill do pass.
General Statement and Background
The Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 (title 40,
subtitle IV, United States Code) established the Appalachian
Regional Commission (ARC). ARC is a Federal-State partnership
that works with the people of Appalachia to create
opportunities for self-sustaining economic development and
improved quality of life. ARC includes all or portions of 13
States: Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, New
York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina,
Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia.
ARC's primary function is to support development of
Appalachia's economy and critical infrastructure to provide a
climate for growth in business and industry that will create
jobs. ARC administers a variety of programs to aid in the
development and advancement of the region including a highway
system, education and job training, and water and sewer
systems.
ARC administers economic development funds through a series
of grant programs. The agency generally allocates funds based
on the economic distress of a given locality, devoting a
significant percentage of its resources to economically
distressed communities. By law, at least 50 percent of all non-
highway project grant funds must go to distressed counties and
areas. In fiscal year 2005, for example, 57 percent of ARC's
non-highway funds supported projects that primarily or
substantially benefited distressed counties and areas.
Since its creation in 1965, ARC's funding and projects have
contributed significantly to improvements in the region. The
number of economically distressed counties has been cut by more
than half, from 223 distressed counties in 1965 to 77 counties
in 2006. The regional poverty rate has been cut by more than
half. High school graduation rates have increased by more than
70 percent. The infant mortality rate has been cut by two-
thirds, and more than 400 ARC-funded rural health facilities
have expanded access to health care across Appalachia. Since
1977, ARC has invested $36.7 million in revolving loan funds
that generated $115 million in loans for small businesses and
leveraged $8.59 in other investment for each ARC dollar,
helping create more than 30,000 jobs.
Unfortunately, roughly one-fifth of ARC's counties remain
distressed. Additionally, one-fourth of Appalachia's counties
have a poverty rate more than 150 percent of the national
average and a majority of the counties have a higher
unemployment rate than the national average.
Objectives of the Legislation
S. 2832 provides for the reauthorization and improvement of
the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965. The bill
strengthens the Act by providing tools to better assist those
counties most at-risk of becoming economically distressed and
by increasing the authorization level of the Act.
Section-by-Section Analysis
Section 1. Short title.
This section provides that this Act may be cited as the
``Appalachian Regional Development Act Amendments of 2006''.
Sec. 2. Limitation on available amounts; maximum commission
contribution.
Summary
This section amends sections 14321(a), 14502, 14503, 14504,
14505, 14506 and 14507(g) of title 40, United States Code, to
provide a maximum grant rate of 70 percent for designated at-
risk counties.
Description
ARC's grant programs include assistance for economic
development, demonstration health projects, assistance for
proposed low-and middle-income housing projects, a
telecommunications and technology initiative, an
entrepreneurship initiative, a regional skills partnership, and
supplements to Federal grant programs. Currently each of these
non-highway programs includes a maximum grant rate of 75 or 80
percent for distressed counties and 50 percent for all other
counties. This section provides ARC with a tool to try to
prevent those counties most at risk of becoming economically
distressed from actually becoming distressed by providing a
maximum grant rate for these ``at-risk'' counties of 70 percent
for all of ARC's non-highway grant programs.
Sec. 3. Distressed, at-risk, and economically strong counties.
This section amends section 14526(a)(1) of title 40, United
States Code, to direct the Commission to designate as ``at-
risk'' those counties that are most at risk of becoming
economically distressed.
Sec. 4. Authorization of appropriations.
Summary
This section amends section 14703 of title 40, United
States Code, to set authorization levels for fiscal years 2007-
2011.
Description
The section authorizes $95.2 million in fiscal year 2007;
$98.6 million in fiscal year 2008; $102 million in fiscal year
2009; $105.7 million in fiscal year 2010; and $109.4 in fiscal
year 2011. These levels include increases in line with
projected inflation rates (Historical Tables of the U.S.
Government Budget, Table 10.1, ``Other Grants'').
Sec. 5. Termination.
This section amends section 14704 of title 40, United
States Code, to extend the date on which the Appalachian
Regional Development Act of 1965 (with the exception of the
Appalachian development highway system and the definition of
the Appalachian region) ceases to be in effect from October 1,
2006, to October 1, 2011.
Sec. 6. Effective date.
This section states that the amendments made by this Act
take effect on October 1, 2006.
Legislative History
On May 18, 2006, Senator Voinovich introduced S. 2832,
which was co-sponsored by Senators Clinton, Warner, DeWine,
Lott, Allen, Burr and Dole. The bill was read twice and
referred to the Senate Committee on Environment and Public
Works. The committee met on May 23, 2006 to consider the bill.
S. 2832 was ordered favorably reported without amendment by
voice vote.
Hearings
On April 20, 2006, the Committee on Environment and Public
Works conducted a field hearing in Marietta, Ohio, to receive
testimony on the impact of the 2002 reauthorization and issues
regarding the 2006 reauthorization. The committee received
testimony from Ms. Ann Pope, Federal Co-Chair, Appalachian
Regional Commission; Mr. T.J. Justice, Director, Governor's
Office of Appalachia, Appalachian Regional Commission; Mr. Don
Myers, Director, Ohio Mid-Eastern Governments Association; Mr.
Gary Little, President, Information Technology Alliance of
Appalachian Ohio; Mr. David Matusoff, Principal and Director of
Technology Planning, Whiteboard Broadband Solutions; Dr. David
Scholl, President, CEO, Diagnostic Hybrid, Inc.; Ms. Angela
Stuber, Executive Director, Ohio Community Computing Network;
Mr. Steve Grossman, Executive Director, Ohio Water Development
Authority; Mr. Jeff Hughes, Director, Environmental Finance
Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute
of Government; and Mr. Ken Reed, Director, Vinton County
Community and Economic Development, Vinton County Courthouse.
Rollcall Votes
The Committee on Environment and Public Works met to
consider S. 2832 on May 23, 2006. The bill was ordered
favorably reported by voice vote. No roll call votes were
taken.
Regulatory Impact Statement
In compliance with section 11(b) of rule XXVI of the
Standing Rules of the Senate, the committee finds that S. 2832
does not create any additional regulatory burdens, nor will it
cause any adverse impact on the personal privacy of
individuals.
Mandates Assessment
In compliance with the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
(Public Law 104-4), the committee finds that S. 2832 would
impose no Federal intergovernmental unfunded mandates on State,
local, or tribal governments. The bill contains no new private-
sector mandates as defined in UMRA.
Cost of Legislation
Section 403 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment
Control Act requires that a statement of the cost of the
reported bill, prepared by the Congressional Budget Office, be
included in the report. That statement follows:
----------
S. 2832, Appalachian Regional Development Act Amendments of 2006, As
ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Environment and
Public Works on May 23, 2006
Summary
S. 2832 would authorize the appropriation of $511 million
for the Appalachian Regional Commission over the 2007-2011
period. The commission provides grants to State and local
governments to support economic development within the
Appalachian region. S. 2832 also would amend limitations on the
size of awards to grantees.
CBO estimates that implementing S. 2832 would cost $267
million over the 2007-2011 period and $244 million more after
2011, assuming the appropriation of the authorized amounts.
Enacting the bill would not affect direct spending or revenues.
S. 2832 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector
mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)
and would benefit local governments in the Appalachian region.
Estimated Cost to the Federal Government
The estimated budgetary impact of S. 2832 is shown in the
following table. The costs of this legislation fall within
budget function 450 (community and regional development). For
this estimate we assume that the authorized amounts will be
provided each year and that spending will follow historical
patterns for the Appalachian Regional Commission. CBO estimates
that implementing S. 2832 would cost $267 million over the next
5 years.
By Fiscal Year, in Millions of Dollars
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION
Spending Under Current Law for the Appalachian Regional
Commission.....................................................
Budget Authority............................................ 65 0 0 0 0 0
Estimated Outlays........................................... 64 60 47 26 15 7
Proposed Changes................................................
Authorization Level......................................... 0 95 99 102 106 109
Estimated Outlays........................................... 0 10 29 59 77 92
Spending Under S. 2832 for the Appalachian Regional Commission..
Authorization Level......................................... 65 95 99 102 106 109
Estimated Outlays........................................... 64 70 76 85 92 99
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Intergovernmental and Provate-Sector Impact
S. 2832 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector
mandates as defined in UMRA. Assuming the appropriation of the
authorized amounts, counties in the Appalachian region would
receive an additional $500 million over the next several years
for a variety of grant programs. In addition, this bill would
increase the funding available to certain counties that are at
risk of becoming economically distressed. Any costs to those
governments would be incurred voluntarily as conditions of
receiving Federal assistance. This bill would not affect the
budgets of other State, local, or tribal governments.
Estimate Prepared By: Federal Costs: Gregory Waring; Impact
on State, Local, and Tribal Governments: Melissa Merrell;
Impact on the Private Sector: Craig Cammarata.
Estimate Approved By: Peter H. Fontaine, Deputy Assistant
Director for Budget Analysis.
Changes in Existing Law
In compliance with section 12 of rule XXVI of the Standing
Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by the bill
as reported are shown as follows: Existing law proposed to be
omitted is enclosed in [black brackets], new matter is printed
in italic, existing law in which no change is proposed is shown
in roman:
----------
TITLE 40. PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PROPERTY, AND WORKS
SUBTITLE IV. APPALACHIAN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER 143. APPALACHIAN REGIONAL COMMISSION
Subchapter II. Financial Assistance
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14321. GRANTS AND OTHER ASSISTANCE
(a) Authorization to make grants.--
(1) In general.--The Appalachian Regional
Commission may make grants--
(A) for administrative expenses, including
the development of areawide plans or action
programs and technical assistance activities,
of local development districts, but--
[(i) the amount of a grant shall
not exceed 50 percent of administrative
expenses or, at the discretion of the
Commission, 75 percent of
administrative expenses if the grant is
to a local development district that
has a charter or authority that
includes the economic development of a
county or part of a county for which a
distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526 of this
title;]
(i) the amount of the grant shall
not exceed--
(I) 50 percent of
administrative expenses;
(II) at the discretion of
the Commission, if the grant is
to a local development district
that has a charter or authority
that includes the economic
development of a county or a
part of a county for which a
distressed county designation
is in effect under section
14526, 75 percent of
administrative expenses; or
(III) at the discretion of
the Commission, if the grant is
to a local development district
that has a charter or authority
that includes the economic
development of a county or a
part of a county for which an
at-risk county designation is
in effect under section 14526,
70 percent of administrative
expenses;
(ii) grants for administrative
expenses shall not be made for a state
agency certified as a local development
district for a period of more than
three years beginning on the date the
initial grant is made for the
development district; and
(iii) the local development
district contributions for
administrative expenses may be in cash
or in kind, fairly evaluated, including
space, equipment, and services;
(B) for assistance to States for a period
of not more than two years to strengthen the
state development planning process for the
Appalachian region and the coordination of
state planning under this subtitle, the Public
Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42
U.S.C. 3121 et seq.), and other federal and
state programs; and
(C) for investigation, research, studies,
evaluations, and assessments of needs,
potentials, or attainments of the people of the
region, technical assistance, training
programs, demonstrations, and the construction
of necessary facilities incident to those
activities, which will further the purposes of
this subtitle.
(2) Limitation on available amounts.--
[(A) In general.--Except as provided in
subparagraph (B), not more than 50 percent (or
80 percent in the case of a project to be
carried out in a county for which a distressed
county designation is in effect under section
14526 of this title) of the cost of any
activity eligible for financial assistance
under this section may be provided from amounts
appropriated to carry out this subtitle.]
(A) In general.--Except as provided in
subparagraph (B), of the cost of any activity
eligible for financial assistance under this
section, not more than--
(i) 50 percent may be provided from
amounts appropriated to carry out this
subtitle;
(ii) in the case of a project to be
carried out in a county for which a
distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526, 80 percent
may be provided from amounts
appropriated to carry out this
subtitle; or
(iii) in the case of a project to
be carried out in a county for which an
at-risk county designation is in effect
under section 14526, 70 percent may be
provided from amounts appropriated to
carry out this subtitle.
* * * * * * *
CHAPTER 145. SPECIAL APPALACHIAN PROGRAMS
Subchapter I. Programs
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14502. DEMONSTRATION HEALTH PROJECTS
(a) * * *
* * * * * * *
(d) Operation grants.--
(1) Standards for making grants.--A grant for the
operation of a demonstration health project shall not
be made--
(A) unless the facility is publicly owned,
or owned by a public or private nonprofit
organization, and is not operated for profit;
(B) after five years following the
commencement of the initial grant for operation
of the project, except that child development
demonstrations assisted under this section
during fiscal year 1979 may be approved under
section 14322 of this title for continued
support beyond that period, on request of the
State, if the Commission finds that no federal,
state, or local amounts are available to
continue the project; and
(C) unless the Secretary of Health and
Human Services is satisfied that the operation
of the project will be conducted under
efficient management practices designed to
obviate operating deficits.
[(2) Limitation on available amounts.--Grants under
this section for the operation (including initial
operating amounts and operating deficits, which include
the cost of attracting, training, and retaining
qualified personnel) of a demonstration health project,
whether or not constructed with amounts authorized by
this section, may be made for up to 50 percent of the
cost of that operation (or 80 percent of the cost of
that operation for a project to be carried out in a
county for which a distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526 of this title).]
(2) Limitation on available amounts.--Grants under
this section for the operation (including initial
operating amounts and operating deficits, which include
the cost of attracting, training, and retaining
qualified personnel) of a demonstration health project,
whether or not constructed with amounts authorized by
this section, may be made for up to--
(A) 50 percent of the cost of that
operation;
(B) in the case of a project to be carried
out in a county for which a distressed county
designation is in effect under section 14526,
80 percent of the cost of that operation; or
(C) in the case of a project to be carried
out for a county for which an at-risk county
designation is in effect under section 14526,
70 percent of the cost of that operation.
* * * * * * *
(f) Maximum commission contribution.--
(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the
Commission may contribute not more than 50 percent of
any project cost eligible for financial assistance
under this section from amounts appropriated to carry
out this subtitle.
(2) Distressed counties.--The maximum Commission
contribution for a project to be carried out in a
county for which a distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526 of this title may be
increased to the lesser of--
(A) 80 percent; or
(B) the maximum federal contribution
percentage authorized by this section.
(3) At-risk counties.--The maximum Commission
contribution for a project to be carried out in a
county for which an at-risk county designation is in
effect under section 14526 may be increased to the
lesser of--
(A) 70 percent; or
(B) the maximum Federal contribution
percentage authorized by this section.
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14503. ASSISTANCE FOR PROPOSED LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME HOUSING
PROJECTS
(a) * * *
* * * * * * *
(d) Loans.--
[(1) Limitation on available amounts.--A loan under
subsection (b) shall not be more than 50 percent (or 80
percent for a project to be carried out in a county for
which a distressed county designation is in effect
under section 14526 of this title) of the cost of
planning and obtaining financing for a project,
including preliminary surveys and analyses of market
needs, preliminary site engineering and architectural
fees, site options, application and mortgage commitment
fees, legal fees, and construction loan fees and
discounts.]
(1) Limitation on available amounts.--A loan under
subsection (b) for the cost of planning and obtaining
financing (including the cost of preliminary surveys
and analyses of market needs, preliminary site
engineering and architectural fees, site options,
application and mortgage commitment fees, legal fees,
and construction loan fees and discounts) of a project
described in that subsection may be made for up to--
(A) 50 percent of that cost;
(B) in the case of a project to be carried
out in a county for which a distressed county
designation is in effect under section 14526,
80 percent of that cost; or
(C) in the case of a project to be carried
out for a county for which an at-risk county
designation is in effect under section 14526,
70 percent of that cost.
(2) Interest.--A loan shall be made without
interest, except that a loan made to an organization
established for profit shall bear interest at the
prevailing market rate authorized for an insured or
guaranteed loan for that type of project.
(3) Payment.--The Secretary shall require payment
of a loan made under this section, under terms and
conditions the Secretary may require, no later than on
completion of the project. Except for a loan to an
organization established for profit, the Secretary may
cancel any part of a loan made under this section on
determining that a permanent loan to finance the
project cannot be obtained in an amount adequate for
repayment of a loan made under this section.
(e) Grants.--
[(1) In general.--A grant under this section shall
not be made to an organization established for profit
and, except as provided in paragraph (2), shall not
exceed 50 percent (or 80 percent for a project to be
carried out in a county for which a distressed county
designation is in effect under section 14526 of this
title) of expenses, incident to planning and obtaining
financing for a project, which the Secretary considers
not to be recoverable from the proceeds of a permanent
loan made to finance the project.]
(1) In general.--A grant under this section for
expenses incidental to planning and obtaining financing
for a project under this section that the Secretary
considers to be unrecoverable from the proceeds of a
permanent loan made to finance the project shall--
(A) not be made to an organization
established for profit; and
(B) except as provided in paragraph (2),
not exceed--
(i) 50 percent of those expenses;
(ii) in the case of a project to be
carried out in a county for which a
distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526, 80 percent
of those expenses; or
(iii) in the case of a project to
be carried out in a county for which an
at-risk county designation is in effect
under section 14526, 70 percent of
those expenses.
(2) Site development costs and offsite
improvements.--The Secretary may make grants and
commitments for grants, and may advance amounts under
terms and conditions the Secretary may require, to
nonprofit, limited dividend, or cooperative
organizations and public bodies for reasonable site
development costs and necessary offsite improvements,
such as sewer and water line extensions, when the
grant, commitment, or advance is essential to the
economic feasibility of a housing construction or
rehabilitation project for low- and moderate-income
families and individuals which otherwise meets the
requirements for assistance under this section. A grant
under this paragraph for--
(A) the construction of housing shall not
be more than 10 percent of the cost of the
project; and
(B) the rehabilitation of housing shall not
be more than 10 percent of the reasonable value
of the rehabilitation housing, as determined by
the Secretary.
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14504. TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE
(a) * * *
* * * * * * *
[(b) Limitation on available amounts.--Not more than 50
percent (or 80 percent in the case of a project to be carried
out in a county for which a distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526 of this title) of the cost of any
activity eligible for a grant under this section may be
provided from amounts appropriated to carry out this section.]
(b) Limitation on Available Amounts.--Of the cost of any
activity eligible for a grant under this section, not more
than--
(1) 50 percent may be provided from amounts
appropriated to carry out this section;
(2) in the case of a project to be carried out in a
county for which a distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526, 80 percent may be provided
from amounts appropriated to carry out this section; or
(3) in the case of a project to be carried out in a
county for which an at-risk county designation is in
effect under section 14526, 70 percent may be provided
from amounts appropriated to carry out this section.
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14505. ENTREPRENEURSHIP INITIATIVE
(a) * * *
* * * * * * *
[(c) Limitation on available amounts.--Not more than 50
percent (or 80 percent in the case of a project to be carried
out in a county for which a distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526 of this title) of the cost of any
activity eligible for a grant under this section may be
provided from amounts appropriated to carry out this section.]
(c) Limitation on Available Amounts.--Of the cost of any
activity eligible for a grant under this section, not more
than--
(1) 50 percent may be provided from amounts
appropriated to carry out this section;
(2) in the case of a project to be carried out in a
county for which a distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526, 80 percent may be provided
from amounts appropriated to carry out this section; or
(3) in the case of a project to be carried out in a
county for which an at-risk county designation is in
effect under section 14526, 70 percent may be provided
from amounts appropriated to carry out this section.
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14506. REGIONAL SKILLS PARTNERSHIPS
(a) * * *
* * * * * * *
[(d) Limitation on available amounts.--Not more than 50
percent (or 80 percent in the case of a project to be carried
out in a county for which a distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526 of this title) of the cost of any
activity eligible for a grant under this section may be
provided from amounts appropriated to carry out this section.]
(d) Limitation on Available Amounts.--Of the cost of any
activity eligible for a grant under this section, not more
than--
(1) 50 percent may be provided from amounts
appropriated to carry out this section;
(2) in the case of a project to be carried out in a
county for which a distressed county designation is in
effect under section 14526, 80 percent may be provided
from amounts appropriated to carry out this section; or
(3) in the case of a project to be carried out in a
county for which an at-risk county designation is in
effect under section 14526, 70 percent may be provided
from amounts appropriated to carry out this section.
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14507. SUPPLEMENTS TO FEDERAL GRANT PROGRAMS
(a) * * *
* * * * * * *
(g) Maximum Commission contribution.--
(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the
Commission may contribute not more than 50 percent of a
project or activity cost eligible for financial
assistance under this section from amounts appropriated
to carry out this subtitle.
(2) Distressed counties.--The maximum Commission
contribution for a project or activity to be carried
out in a county for which a distressed county
designation is in effect under section 14526 of this
title may be increased to 80 percent.
(3) At-risk counties.--The maximum Commission
contribution for a project to be carried out in a
county for which an at-risk county designation is in
effect under section 14526 may be increased to 70
percent.
* * * * * * *
Subchapter II. Administrative
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14526. DISTRESSED AND ECONOMICALLY STRONG COUNTIES
(a) Designations.--
(1) In general.--The Appalachian Regional
Commission, in accordance with criteria the Commission
may establish, each year shall--
(A) designate as `distressed counties'
those counties in the Appalachian region that
are the most severely and persistently
distressed; [and]
(B) designate as `at-risk counties' those
counties in the Appalachian region that are
most at risk of becoming economically
distressed; and
[(B)] (C) designate two categories of
economically strong counties, consisting of--
(i) `competitive counties', which
shall be those counties in the region
that are approaching economic parity
with the rest of the United States; and
(ii) `attainment counties', which
shall be those counties in the region
that have attained or exceeded economic
parity with the rest of the United
States.
* * * * * * *
CHAPTER 147. MISCELLANEOUS
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14703. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS
[(a) In general.--In addition to amounts authorized by
section 14501 of this title and other amounts made available
for the Appalachian development highway system program, the
following amounts may be appropriated to the Appalachian
Regional Commission to carry out this subtitle:
[(1) $ 88,000,000 for each of the fiscal years
2002-2004.
[(2) $ 90,000,000 for fiscal year 2005.
[(3) $ 92,000,000 for fiscal year 2006.]
(a) In General.--In addition to amounts made available
under section 14501, there are authorized to be appropriated to
the Appalachian Regional Commission to carry out this
subtitle--
(1) $95,200,000 for fiscal year 2007;
(2) $98,600,000 for fiscal year 2008;
(3) $102,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
(4) $105,700,000 for fiscal year 2010; and
(5) $109,400,000 for fiscal year 2011.
* * * * * * *
Sec. 14704. TERMINATION
This subtitle, except sections 14102(a)(1) and (b) and
14501, ceases to be in effect on October 1, [2006] 2011.
* * * * * * *